{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T06:02:46Z","timestamp":1791525766650,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]],"date-time":"2019-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Structural damage or demyelization of the sphenopalatine ganglion may cause sphenopalatine neuralgia (SN). The current International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition (ICHD\u20103) regards SN as a phenotype of cluster headache. Whether SN is an independent neuralgia entity has been debated for years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This article presents a case series of SN, a review of all published cases, and a pooled data analysis of the identified cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven patients were identified, with a median age at symptom onset of 59 years. Six cases were secondary to structural lesions surrounding the ipsilateral sphenopalatine ganglion, and all of them experienced significant clinical improvements after removing the primary causes. In the seventh patient, no evidence of underlying disease was found. The literature review showed that SN affected patients spanning a wide range of ages and both sexes. The clinical characteristics of SN might mimic cluster headache with the exception of cluster pattern and treatment response to oxygen. The typical duration of pain episodes in SN was several hours to several days; and in some cases, pain was persistent. Sixty\u2010seven percent (59\/88) of patients with SN had structural lesions around the sphenopalatine ganglion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SN could possibly be regarded as a different clinical entity from cluster headache. Based on our patients and literature review, SN can be categorized as idiopathic SN and secondary SN. Craniofacial structural lesions should be highly rating and taken into account when SN is suspected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,12]],"date-time":"2019-01-12T02:24:44Z","timestamp":1547259884000},"page":"358-370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Sphenopalatine Neuralgia: An Independent Neuralgia Entity. Pooled Analysis of a Case Series and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"989","article-title":"Role of the sphenopalatine (Meckel\u2019s) ganglion in nasal headaches","volume":"87","author":"Sluder G","year":"1908","journal-title":"N Y State J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"18006:1","article-title":"Cluster headache","volume":"4","author":"May A","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102416649092","article-title":"Long\u2010term effectiveness of sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation for cluster headache","volume":"37","author":"Jurgens TP","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1258\/002221503321892253","article-title":"What is Sluder's neuralgia?","volume":"117","author":"Ahamed SH","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd edition","volume":"24","author":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS)","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202","article-title":"The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition","volume":"38","author":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS)","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2009.01919.x","article-title":"Sluder's neuralgia: A trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia?","volume":"30","author":"Oomen KP","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.2500\/105065898781390253","article-title":"Sluder's sphenopalatine ganglion neuralgia\u2013treatment with 88% phenol","volume":"12","author":"Puig CM","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1080\/08869634.2003.11746241","article-title":"Septoturbinal surgery in contact point headache syndrome: Long\u2010term results","volume":"21","author":"Giacomini PG","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cranio"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.87.3.0450","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgical treatment of sphenopalatine neuralgia. Case report","volume":"87","author":"Pollock BE","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Headaches of otolaryngological interest: Current status while awaiting revision of classification. Practical considerations and expectations","volume":"32","author":"Farri A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Sphenopalatine ganglion neuralgia diagnosis and treatment","volume":"10","author":"Edwin A","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pract Pain Manage"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-196207000-00004","article-title":"Mythical sphenopalatine ganglion neuralgia","volume":"55","author":"Brown LA","year":"1962","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100129676","article-title":"Experience with the xylocaine test as a prognostic aid for surgery in Sluder's neuralgia","volume":"109","author":"Kamal SA","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurpra.2013.10.007","article-title":"A patient with persistent headache","volume":"10","author":"Swartz A","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Nurse Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Effects of radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the sphenopalatine ganglion on headache and facial pain: Correlation with diagnosis","volume":"26","author":"Oomen KP","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Orofac Pain"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01456346","article-title":"Percutaneous thermocoagulation for sphenopalatine ganglion neuralgia","volume":"84","author":"Salar G","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1977.hed1701007.x","article-title":"Sphenopalatine ganglion neuralgia and cluster headache: Comparisons, contrasts, and treatment","volume":"17","author":"Ryan RJ","year":"1977","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1159\/000106112","article-title":"Sluder's syndrome of nasal ganglion neurosis due to irritative zone in the nasal mucosa","volume":"7","author":"Sommer IG","year":"1946","journal-title":"Confin Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0709(87)80041-8","article-title":"Long\u2010term results of sphenopalatine ganglioneurectomy for facial pain","volume":"8","author":"Cepero R","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13180","article-title":"Prescribing oxygen for cluster headache: A guide for the provider","volume":"57","author":"Tepper SJ","year":"2017","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13085","article-title":"Oxygen for cluster headache","volume":"57","author":"Tepper D","year":"2017","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12028","article-title":"Indomethacin\u2010responsive TACs (paroxysmal hemicrania, hemicrania continua, and LASH): Further proof of a distinct spectrum of headache disorders","volume":"53","author":"Rozen TD","year":"2013","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12729","article-title":"The sphenopalatine ganglion: Anatomy, pathophysiology, and therapeutic targeting in headache","volume":"56","author":"Robbins MS","year":"2016","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30405-2","article-title":"Diagnosis, pathophysiology, and management of cluster headache","volume":"17","author":"Hoffmann J","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","first-page":"313","article-title":"The hypothalamus in SUNCT syndrome: Similarities and differences with the other trigeminal\u2010autonomic cephalalgias","volume":"49","author":"Caminero AB","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04141.x","article-title":"Posterior hypothalamic and brainstem activation in hemicrania continua","volume":"44","author":"Matharu MS","year":"2004","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-005-0038-z","article-title":"Functional brain imaging in hemicrania continua: Implications for nosology and pathophysiology","volume":"9","author":"Matharu MS","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","first-page":"225","article-title":"Cluster headache associated with secondary unilateral blepharospasm: A case report and review of the literature","volume":"12","author":"Bagheri A","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/2193-1801-3-64","article-title":"Symptomatic cluster headache: A review of 63 cases","volume":"3","author":"Edvardsson B","year":"2014","journal-title":"Springerplus"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","first-page":"223","article-title":"Trigeminal autonomic cephalgias (TACs)","author":"Benoliel R","year":"2008","journal-title":"Orofacial Pain Headache"}],"container-title":["Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fhead.13469","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/head.13469","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/head.13469","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/head.13469","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T12:08:56Z","timestamp":1762085336000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/head.13469"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/head.13469"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.13469","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-8748","1526-4610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-8748","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4610","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-10-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-01-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}