{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:15:04Z","timestamp":1790702104807,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]],"date-time":"2021-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611273600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,22]],"date-time":"2020-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH\u201015\u20101\u20100286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH\u201015\u20101\u20100286"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The hypothalamus plays a key role in both migraine and cluster headache (CH). As brain region\u2010to\u2010region structural correlations are believed to reflect structural and functional brain connectivity patterns, we assessed the structural covariance patterns between the volume of the hypothalamic region and vertex\u2010by\u2010vertex measurements of cortical thickness in patients with migraine and in those with CH relative to healthy controls (HC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>T1\u2010weighted images were acquired on a 3T MRI scanner for a total of 59 subjects including 18 patients with CH (age: mean\u00a0=\u00a043.8, SD\u00a0=\u00a012.4), 19 with migraine (age: mean\u00a0=\u00a040.1, SD\u00a0=\u00a012.2), and 22 HCs (age: mean\u00a0=\u00a039.1, SD\u00a0=\u00a08.2). Imaging was collected between attacks (migraineurs) and during out\u2010of\u2010bout phases (CH). Data were post\u2010processed using FreeSurfer version 6.0 and within\u2010group correlations between hypothalamic region volume with cortical thickness were explored using a whole\u2010brain vertex\u2010wise linear model approach. Between\u2010group differences in correlation slopes between hypothalamic region volume and vertex\u2010by\u2010vertex measurements of cortical thickness were interrogated using post\u2010hoc comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were no significant between\u2010group differences (migraine vs CH; migraine vs HC; or CH vs HC) for age, sex, total brain volume or volume of the left or right hypothalamic region. For each group, there were significant positive correlations (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01) between right and left hypothalamic region volumes with cortical thickness measurements. HC had significant positive correlations between hypothalamic region volume and cortical thickness over large portions of the superior and rostral medial frontal, orbitofrontal cortex and rostral anterior cingulate, and smaller clusters in the superior and middle temporal, posterior cingulate, fusiform, and precentral cortex. Post\u2010hoc analysis showed significant differences in covariance patterns in those with migraine and CH relative to HC, with both migraine patients and CH having weaker structural covariance of hypothalamic region volume with frontal and temporal cortical thickness.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent evidence suggests hypothalamic region connectivity to frontal and temporal areas to be relevant for regulating pain perception. Thus, the diminished structural covariance in migraineurs and CH might suggest abnormal functioning of the pain control circuitry and contribute to mechanisms underlying central sensitization and chronification of pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,22]],"date-time":"2020-01-22T06:31:09Z","timestamp":1579674669000},"page":"553-563","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Altered Hypothalamic Region Covariance in Migraine and Cluster Headache: A Structural MRI Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Catherine D.","family":"Chong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic Phoenix AZ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Centura 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