{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T23:52:13Z","timestamp":1784245933353,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A scarcity of studies on the role of resilience resources (RRs) and vulnerability risk (VR) in children and adolescents with primary headache hampers the development of a risk\u2010resilience model for pediatric headaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the extent to which headache frequency and diagnosis are associated with RRs and VR and explore possible predictors of low RRs and high VR in a cross\u2010sectional population\u2010based study in adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a cross\u2010sectional population study conducted in a small city in Brazil (Delfin\u00f3polis). Consents and analyzable data were obtained from 339\/378 adolescents (89.7%). RRs and VR were assessed using the validated Brazilian version of the Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents, completed by the adolescents. Parents filled a structured questionnaire assessing sociodemographic and headache characteristics, as well as the Brazilian\u2010validated version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire added to the impact supplement to evaluate the adolescent's psychosocial adjustment skills. Teachers completed a structured questionnaire about the students\u2019 school performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A higher frequency of headache was associated with lower RRs (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>3,335<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a02.99,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.031) and higher VR (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>3,335<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a04.05,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.007). Headache diagnosis did not significantly influence the risk of having lower RRs or higher VR. In the exploratory analyses, females (OR 3.07; 95% CI: 1.16\u20139.3) and individuals with psychosocial adjustment problems (OR 7.5; 95% CI: 2.51\u201322.4) were predictors of low RRs, and prenatal exposure to tobacco (OR 5.6; 95% CI: 1.57\u201320.9) was a predictor of high VR in adolescents with primary headache.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The risk of low RRs and high VR was associated with a higher headache frequency, but not with headache diagnosis. These findings may contribute to the development of a risk\u2010resilience model of headaches in the pediatric population and help identify novel targets and develop effective resources for successful interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T09:01:58Z","timestamp":1615798918000},"page":"546-557","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Resilience and vulnerability in adolescents with primary headaches: A cross\u2010sectional population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Marco Ant\u00f4nio","family":"Arruda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Glia Institute Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 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