{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:12:31Z","timestamp":1790399551649,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,10]],"date-time":"2022-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This national postal survey aimed to examine Canadian emergency physicians\u2019 practice patterns with respect to drug treatment and perspectives on peripheral nerve blocks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The treatment of primary headache disorders in the emergency department is variable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We surveyed 500 emergency physicians listed in the Canadian Medical Directory according to a modified Dillman\u2019s method: an initial invitation was followed by up to four reminders to nonresponders. Physicians were asked questions regarding their frequency of medication administration and perspectives toward peripheral nerve blocks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 500 mailed surveys, 468 were delivered and 179 physicians responded (response rate = 38.2%). The majority of physicians were men (92\/144, 63.9%); 80.6% (116\/144) had been in practice for greater than or equal to 10\u00a0years with 50.7% (75\/148) in a community or district general teaching hospital. Commonly used pharmacotherapies for primary headaches were intravenous dopamine receptor antagonists (69%), co\u2010administration of ketorolac and a dopamine receptor antagonist (54.2%), intravenous fluid boluses (54%), nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) alone (53.5%), and acetaminophen (51.4%). Only 80 of 144 physicians (55.6%) reported previous experience with peripheral nerve blocks (95% confidence interval [CI] = 48%\u201365%). The majority (68\/80, 85.0%) agreed peripheral nerve blocks are safe and 55.1% (43\/78) agreed they are effective. The vast majority (118\/140, 84.3%) would consider peripheral nerve blocks as a first\u2010line treatment option given sufficient evidence from a future trial (95% CI = 78%\u201390%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NSAIDs alone, as well as dopamine receptor antagonists with or without ketorolac are commonly used for primary headache in Canadian emergency departments. A large proportion of physicians have never used a peripheral nerve block in their practice; among those who have experience with peripheral nerve blocks, the majority find them safe and effective. The majority of respondents would consider peripheral nerve blocks as a first\u2010line treatment option given sufficient evidence from a future trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T02:08:55Z","timestamp":1649642935000},"page":"512-521","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Current practice for primary headache disorders and perspectives on peripheral nerve blocks among emergency physicians in Canada: A national survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2921-0576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dilan","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3978-8961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica","family":"Taljaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1547-4634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krishan","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine University of Ottawa  Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine University of Ottawa  Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine University of Ottawa  Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2134-9597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey J.","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine University of Ottawa  Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"Headache Disorders","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(18)32279\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194\u2010019\u20101053\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2003.012351"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196\u20100644(80)80152\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1997.00550240058013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526\u20104610.1994.hed3402091.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2017.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941874412439583"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009831.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Rahman S","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2516953"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12941"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001256"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2010.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2021.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102414535997"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","volume-title":"Canadian Medical Directory Database, Ontario Physician Search, Physician Directory Ontario \u2010 Scott\u2019s Directory. 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