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We have since revised the original questionnaire to provide a more robust item construct and refined validation approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a psychometric validation of the UPSIS2 through a primary analysis of an online survey of volunteers with recurrent headaches recruited from the University of Utah clinics and surrounding community. Volunteers completed the original UPSIS and UPSIS2 questionnaire versions in addition to measures of headache impact, disability, and frequency. The UPSIS2 now includes a pre\u2010defined recall period and a 1\u20134 Likert scale with standardized response anchors to improve clarity. Internal construct validity, external construct validity, and test\u2013retest reliability, were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Responses were obtained from 163 volunteers, with UPSIS2 scores ranging from 15 to 57 (out of a possible 15\u201360) with a mean (standard deviation) of 32.4\u2009(8.80). Construct validity was satisfactory, as evidenced by sufficient unidimensionality, monotonicity, and local independence. Reliability was excellent, with Rasch test reliability\u2009=\u20090.90 and Cronbach's alpha\u2009=\u20090.92, and an intraclass correlation of 0.79 (95% confidence interval 0.65\u20130.88) for participants who took the test twice. UPSIS2 correlates well with other headache measures (Spearman's correlations &gt;0.50), as well as the original UPSIS (Spearman's correlation\u2009=\u20090.87), indicating good convergent validity. UPSIS2 scores differ significantly across International Classification of Headache Disorders (third edition) groups, indicating good known group validity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The UPSIS2 provides a well\u2010validated headache\u2010specific outcome measure for the assessment of photophobia impact on ADLs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T08:58:02Z","timestamp":1683190682000},"page":"672-682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Validation of the Utah Photophobia Symptom Impact Scale (version 2) as a headache\u2010specific photophobia assessment tool"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5015-441X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa M.","family":"Cortez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Utah  Salt Lake City USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Martindale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Utah  Salt Lake City USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4193-5841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K. 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