{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T15:00:13Z","timestamp":1768316413670,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to describe a cohort of pediatric patients with genetically confirmed familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM). The knowledge of genotype\u2013phenotype correlations may suggest prognostic factors associated with severe phenotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hemiplegic migraine is a rare disease and data concerning the pediatric population are even more rare as they are often extrapolated from mixed cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We selected patients who met International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition criteria for FHM, who had a molecular diagnosis, and whose first attack occurred under the age of 18\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We enrolled nine patients (seven males and two females) first referred to our three centers. Three of the nine (33%) patients had calcium voltage\u2010gated channel subunit alpha1 A (\n                      <jats:italic>CACNA1A<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) mutations, five (55%) had ATPase Na+\/K+ transporting subunit alpha 2 (\n                      <jats:italic>ATP1A2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) mutations, and one had both genetic mutations. The patients experienced at least one aura feature other than hemiplegia during the first attack. The mean (SD) duration of HM attacks in the sample was 11.3\u2009(17.1)\u2009h; 3.8\u2009(6.1)\u2009h in the\n                      <jats:italic>ATP1A2<\/jats:italic>\n                      group, and 24.3\u2009(23.5)\u2009h in the\n                      <jats:italic>CACNA1A<\/jats:italic>\n                      group. The mean (SD, range) duration of follow\u2010up was 7.4\u2009(2.2, 3\u201310)\u2009years. During the first year from the disorder's onset, only four patients had additional attacks. Over the course of follow\u2010up, the attack frequency overall was 0.4\u2009attacks\/year without a difference between the two groups (\n                      <jats:italic>CACNA1A<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>ATP1A2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study data show that most of our patients with early\u2010onset FHM experienced infrequent and non\u2010severe attacks, which improved over time. Furthermore, the clinical course revealed neither the appearance of novel neurological disorders or a deterioration of basic neurological or cognitive functioning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T08:09:03Z","timestamp":1686902943000},"page":"889-898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Familial hemiplegic migraine in pediatric patients: A genetic, clinical, and follow\u2010up study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe Donato","family":"Mangano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND) University of Palermo  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Rita","family":"Capizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical, Specialities \u201cG. D'Alessandro\u201d University of Palermo  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elide","family":"Mantuano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Pharmacology National Research Council  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liana","family":"Veneziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Pharmacology National Research Council  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Santangelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychiatry Department P.O. Di Cristina, ARNAS Civico  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Quatrosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement University of Palermo  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosaria","family":"Nardello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical, Specialities \u201cG. D'Alessandro\u201d University of Palermo  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Raieli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Neuropsychiatry Department P.O. 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