{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T10:23:44Z","timestamp":1786703024780,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004412","name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimler Akademisi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross\u2010sectional observational study, we aimed to investigate sensory profiles and multisensory integration processes in women with migraine using virtual dynamic interaction systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to studies on unimodal sensory processing, fewer studies show that multisensory integration differs in patients with migraine. Multisensory integration of visual, auditory, verbal, and haptic modalities has not been evaluated in migraine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      Method\n                      <jats:bold>s<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 12\u2010min virtual dynamic interaction game consisting of four parts was played by the participants. During the game, the participants were exposed to either visual stimuli only or multisensory stimuli in which auditory, verbal, and haptic stimuli were added to the visual stimuli. A total of 78 women participants (28 with migraine without aura and 50 healthy controls) were enrolled in this prospective exploratory study. Patients with migraine and healthy participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomized separately into visual and multisensory groups: Migraine multisensory (14 adults), migraine visual (14 adults), healthy multisensory (25 adults), and healthy visual (25 adults). The Sensory Profile Questionnaire was utilized to assess the participants\u2019 sensory profiles. The game scores and survey results were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In visual stimulus, the gaming performance scores of patients with migraine without aura were similar to the healthy controls, at a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 81.8\u2009(79.5\u201385.8) and 80.9\u2009(77.1\u201384.2) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.149). Error rate of visual stimulus in patients with migraine without aura were comparable to healthy controls, at a median (IQR) of 0.11 (0.08\u20130.13) and 0.12 (0.10\u20130.14), respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090,166). In multisensory stimulation, average gaming score was lower in patients with migraine without aura compared to healthy individuals (median [IQR] 82.2\u2009[78.8\u201386.3] vs. 78.6\u2009[74.0\u201382.4],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.028). In women with migraine, exposure to new sensory modality upon visual stimuli in the fourth, seventh, and tenth rounds (median [IQR] 78.1\u2009[74.1\u201382.0], 79.7\u2009[77.2\u201382.5], 76.5\u2009[70.2\u201382.1]) exhibited lower game scores compared to visual stimuli only (median [IQR] 82.3\u2009[77.9\u201387.8], 84.2\u2009[79.7\u201385.6], 80.8\u2009[79.0\u201385.7],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.044,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.049,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.016). According to the Sensory Profile Questionnaire results, sensory sensitivity, and sensory avoidance scores of patients with migraine (median [IQR] score 45.5\u2009[41.0\u201354.7] and 47.0\u2009[41.5\u201351.7]) were significantly higher than healthy participants (median [IQR] score 39.0\u2009[34.0\u201344.2]\u2009and 40.0\u2009[34.0\u201348.0],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The virtual dynamic game approach showed for the first time that the gaming performance of patients with migraine without aura was negatively affected by the addition of auditory, verbal, and haptic stimuli onto visual stimuli. Multisensory integration of sensory modalities including haptic stimuli is disturbed even in the interictal period in women with migraine. Virtual games can be employed to assess the impact of sensory problems in the course of the disease. Also, sensory training could be a potential therapy target to improve multisensory processing in migraine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T02:15:00Z","timestamp":1714616100000},"page":"482-493","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Virtual dynamic interaction games reveal impaired multisensory integration in women with migraine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Merve S.","family":"Ince","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Neurotechnology Center of Excellence (N\u00d6ROM), Institute of Health Sciences Gazi University  Ankara Turkey"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences Yuksek Ihtisas University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilkem","family":"Guzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences Yuksek Ihtisas University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merve C.","family":"Akgor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Algology, Neuroscience and Neurotechnology Center of Excellence (N\u00d6ROM), Neuropsychiatry Center Gazi University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meltem","family":"Bahcelioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Neuroscience and Neurotechnology Center of Excellence (N\u00d6ROM), Neuropsychiatry Center  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kutluk B.","family":"Arikan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, TED University Neuroscience and Neurotechnology Center of Excellence (N\u00d6ROM)  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amr","family":"Okasha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Middle East Technical University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabahat","family":"Sengezer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Data Science Master Program TED University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3357-7733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hayrunnisa","family":"Bolay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Algology, Neuroscience and Neurotechnology Center of Excellence (N\u00d6ROM), Neuropsychiatry Center Gazi University  Ankara 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The Journal of Head and Face Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/head.14720","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T10:20:44Z","timestamp":1762078844000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/head.14720"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/head.14720"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.14720","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-8748","1526-4610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-8748","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4610","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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