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Models were adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical covariates, and interaction terms were created to examine additive effects of comorbid conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 14,088 participants, 54.4% (7668\/14,088) were female, prevalence rates were: TTH\u2009=\u200939.6% (5573\/14,088), migraine\u2009=\u200927.0% (3806\/14,088), depression\u2009=\u20090.7% (94\/14,088), depression\u2009+\u2009TTH\u2009=\u20091.1% (148\/14,088), and depression\u2009+\u2009migraine\u2009=\u20092.5% (356\/14,088). The mean (standard deviation) LTPA levels across the groups were: no headache\u2009+\u2009no depressio\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009148.7\u2009(183.0)\u2009min\/week, TTH\u2009=\u2009133.5\u2009(170.1)\u2009min\/week, migraine\u2009=\u2009110.3\u2009(154.8)\u2009min\/week, depression\u2009=\u200976.5\u2009(146.3)\u2009min\/week, depression\u2009+\u2009TTH\u2009=\u200984.5\u2009(127.7)\u2009min\/week, and depression\u2009+\u2009migraine\u2009=\u200964.3\u2009(123.2)\u2009min\/week. Negative associations were found for depression (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u221255.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] \u221293.6 to \u221217.0;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005), migraine (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u221224.7, 95% CI \u221233.2 to \u221215.4;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and TTH (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u221215.5, 95% CI \u221223.1 to \u22127.6;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) with LTPA. No interaction effect was observed for depression\u2009+\u2009TTH (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200936.0, 95% CI \u221212.6 to 84.6;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.147) and depression\u2009+\u2009migraine (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200931.7, 95% CI \u221211.3 to 74.7;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.149), indicating no additive effect of comorbid conditions on LTPA levels. After adjusting for headache attack frequency, only depression\u2009+\u2009migraine remained negatively associated with LTPA (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u221238.7, 95% CI \u221271.6 to \u22125.8;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.021).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Headache disorders and depression were independently and inversely associated with LTPA, with the strongest effects seen in depression alone or comorbid with migraine.<\/jats:p>\n                  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