{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:04:46Z","timestamp":1792188286333,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004699","name":"Chung Shan Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSH\u20102022\u2010A\u2010023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSH\u20102022\u2010A\u2010023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the incidence of migraine using a large population\u2010based dataset, as well as to identify the at\u2010risk target groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epidemiological and biochemical studies have provided evidence for the close connection between sleep disorders and migraine. Understanding the connections between OSA and migraine, as well as their shared risk factors, may provide new perspectives on the pathophysiology of both OSA and migraine and novel approaches to managing and treating these conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective cohort study used data from the TriNetX network from 2010 to 2021. We compared 196,864 adult participants with OSA to a group of 196,864 participants who had never been diagnosed with OSA (1:1 propensity score\u2010matching for age, sex, race, comorbidities, and body mass index [BMI] categories) in relation to the risk of incident migraine. We performed subgroup analyses based on age (18\u201339, 40\u201359, \u226560\u2009years), sex (female, male), race (White, Black or African American, Asian), BMI categories (&lt;18.5, 18.5\u201324.9, 25\u201329.9, \u226530\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), and the presence of hypoxemia (yes, no). Sensitivity analyses were performed to validate our findings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the follow\u2010up period, 12,613 (6.4%) and 6356 participants (3.2%) developed migraine in the OSA and non\u2010OSA cohorts, respectively. Patients with OSA were found to have a 1.85\u2010fold risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.85; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.79\u20131.90) of incident migraine when compared to those without OSA, after accounting for age, sex, race, and baseline comorbidities. The results were consistent in sensitivity analyses (test\u2010negative design: HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.28\u20131.49) and also cross\u2010validated in a different dataset from TriNetX (Global Collaborative Research Network: HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.82\u20131.93). The results of subgroup analysis by sex, age, race, BMI categories, and the presence of hypoxemia were generally consistent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found OSA to be associated with an elevated risk of developing migraine using a large United States nationwide database, and the association was generalizable across sex, age, race, and BMI categories. Our results suggest that awareness of migraine should be increased among patients with OSA. The findings also encourage further research to clarify the role of obesity and overweight in the relationship between OSA and migraine, as well as the potential benefits of body weight control for those with these two comorbid conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T00:21:50Z","timestamp":1739233310000},"page":"608-618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Association between obstructive sleep apnea and migraine: A\u00a0United States population\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Thomas Yen\u2010Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital  Kaohsiung 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