{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T07:19:22Z","timestamp":1772608762485,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111\u20102314\u2010B\u2010075\u2010086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111\u20102314\u2010B\u2010075\u2010086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111\u20102321\u2010B\u2010A49\u2010011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111\u20102321\u2010B\u2010A49\u2010011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["112\u20102321\u2010B\u2010075\u2010007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["112\u20102321\u2010B\u2010075\u2010007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V112C\u2010113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V112C\u2010113"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V112E\u2010004\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V112E\u2010004\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To analyze headache and migraine dynamics around severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Headache is a common symptom of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection, which caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) pandemic. However, the daily changes in headache patterns in patients with migraine during the infection are unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is a post hoc and retrospective study of patients with migraine and documented COVID\u201019 diagnoses and headache diaries from a large prospective migraine cohort that consecutively enrolls eligible patients. Patients\u2019 characteristics, headache and migraine patterns, and vaccination data were retrieved. Change points in daily headache or migraine rates of this cohort were identified from 28\u2009days before (day \u221228) to 28\u2009days after (day 28) the infection. We calculated and compared the weekly headache and migraine days of individual patients during pre\u2010infection, infection, and post\u2010infection periods based on the change points. We further categorized patients into those with increased headache days and those without to investigate if vaccinations affected the headache patterns by comparing the pre\u2010 and post\u2010infection headache days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 463 patients, 370 (79.9%) females, with an age (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009standard deviation) of 41.5\u2009\u00b1\u200911.9\u2009years, were enrolled. A total of 26,391 diary days were analyzed. The change\u2010point algorithm identified changes in headache rates on day \u22124 (95% credible interval: \u22125.0, \u22121.2) and day 12 (95% credible interval: 7.6, 17.0). For migraine attacks, the change points were day \u22122 (95% credible interval: \u22124.9, \u22120.8) and day 11 (95% credible interval: 7.6, 17.2). After the grouping based on these change points, we found that the weekly headache days (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009standard error of the mean) increased from 1.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1\u2009days during pre\u2010infection to 1.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1\u2009days during acute infection and recovered to 1.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1\u2009days after infection. The weekly migraine days increased from 1.0\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1\u2009day to 1.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1\u2009days during acute infection and recovered to 1.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1\u2009days. Female patients and those older than 40 had more abrupt changes in headache and migraine patterns. There was no impact of vaccinations on the headache pattern regardless of the type or dose of the vaccinations or the intervals between the last vaccination and the COVID\u201019 diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We demonstrated that the headache and migraine rates among individuals with migraine escalated during the early stage of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection and returned to baseline along with systemic viral clearance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T21:59:59Z","timestamp":1739224799000},"page":"745-755","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exploring the impact of acute\n                    <scp>SARS\u2010CoV\u20102<\/scp>\n                    infection on headache pattern in patients with migraine: A novel Bayesian analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2595-1892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiunn\u2010Tyng","family":"Yeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Koo Foundation Sun Yat\u2010Sen Cancer Center  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7027-3432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen\u2010Feng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Neurological Institute Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei 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