{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T03:25:58Z","timestamp":1777173958036,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this case series is to describe a clinical phenotype of midfacial pain and suggest its potential as a candidate for future iterations of headache and facial pain classifications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with facial pain that is located in the middle part of the face often consult otorhinolaryngologic, neurologic, or pain specialists. In the past, a diagnosis of midfacial pain was suggested if other causes were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case series is based on a retrospective analysis of patients consulted in two headache and facial pain centers. The patients were selected if the pain was located in the zygomatic, infraorbital, or nasal region, and rhinosinusitis and other primary or secondary facial pain syndromes were excluded during a comprehensive diagnostic process.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve patients in the 18\u201374 years age group (median, 40.5 years; interquartile range [IQR], 18.3; 4 of 12 [33%] patients were women), from two tertiary headache and facial pain centers in Warsaw and Hamburg were included in the case series based on consultations conducted between January 1, 2024, and December 31, 2024. Patients reported 20\u201330 (median, 30; IQR, 2.8; mean\u2009=\u200928.1; standard deviation, 3.2) monthly facial pain days of mostly moderate intensity (range from 1 to 9; median, 5; IQR, 2.125; mean\u2009=\u20095.2; SD, 1.9) on Numeric Rating Scale. Pain was described as dull, pressing, or tension\u2010like and was bilateral in 10 of 12 (83%) patients. Seven of 12 (58%) patients described pain occurring simultaneously in regions innervated by the first (nasal region) and second branch (infraorbital) of the trigeminal nerve.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides preliminary evidence for a distinct phenotype of idiopathic midfacial pain that is not caused by rhinosinusitis, stomatognathic disorders, or facial manifestations of primary headaches. Our data call for prospective studies on this type of idiopathic facial pain for future International Classification of Headache Disorders and International Classification of Orofacial Pain editions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.15072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T10:11:54Z","timestamp":1761300714000},"page":"230-238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Phenotype of midfacial pain in 12 new cases\u2014A multidisciplinary idiopathic facial pain syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9811-3526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Straburzy\u0144ski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Infectious Diseases University of Warmia and Mazury  Olsztyn 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