{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T03:13:18Z","timestamp":1788318798901,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives\/Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was undertaken to review the published literature and provide a position statement from the American Headache Society regarding the safety, efficacy, and impact on access to care of telemedicine for the clinical management of patients with headache disorders. Access to specialized care in headache medicine is severely limited in the United States and worldwide. Telemedicine has been used as an approach to care delivery in headache medicine for more than a decade, with accelerated adoption during the COVID\u201019 pandemic. There is now uncertainty regarding the extent to which telemedicine will be accepted by health systems and reimbursed by payers moving forward. The purpose of this position statement is to summarize evidence and clinical experience supporting the utility of telemedicine in headache medicine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of telemedicine, and patient and clinician satisfaction with the use of telemedicine for headache specialty care, was gathered from a variety of sources, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      . The results and conclusions based upon these results were reviewed and discussed by the authors and the Board of Directors of the American Headache Society to confirm consistency with clinical experience and to achieve consensus.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several randomized clinical trials and observational studies have been performed to compare telemedicine with in\u2010person visits in the management of patients with headache disorders. These studies showed consistently that telemedicine is noninferior to in\u2010person care based upon multiple outcome measures, including disability measures, patient satisfaction, and clinician satisfaction. In addition, these studies found that telemedicine rarely leads to a missed diagnosis of secondary headache or mismanagement of primary headache. Telemedicine has substantial advantages for patients, including improved access to care and reduced costs associated with obtaining care. Studies evaluating health care utilization indicate no significant differences between patients evaluated and treated virtually versus in person. Obvious limitations of telemedicine include the inability to perform an in\u2010person physical exam or to perform injections. For a substantial number of patients, however, these limitations are outweighed by its advantages. The experience with telemedicine reported in the literature is consistent with the experience of the Board of Directors of the American Headache Society, who endorse its use for patients when feasible and appropriate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Telemedicine has significantly advanced the care of patients with headache disorders. Its further development and deployment should be supported and reimbursed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.15084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T07:55:42Z","timestamp":1760601342000},"page":"738-743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Telemedicine is effective and safe for clinical management of patients with headache disorders: An American Headache Society position statement"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Karissa N.","family":"Arca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic Arizona  Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allyson B.","family":"Bazarsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Vermont  Burlington Vermont USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek Y.","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology NYU Langone Health  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raissa","family":"Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Rochester  Rochester New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah I.","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yellow Rose Headache and Neuro\u2010Ophthalmology Dallas  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3379-054X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Charles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA Goldberg Migraine Program  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the American Headache Society Board of Directors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14425"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14110"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-023-01141-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-021-01112-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14054"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1344"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102416654885"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13294"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004085"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.5221"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102419868250"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005482"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14310"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12165349"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2024.0483"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2024.0105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1388100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024221111554"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2023.1093287"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","article-title":"Teleneurology service provided via tablet technology: 3\u2010year outcomes and physician satisfaction","volume":"19","author":"Harper K","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rural Remote Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-024-12200-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024211053572"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076221109545"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14857"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012185"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-023-01700-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-023-01699-7"}],"container-title":["Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/head.15084","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/head.15084","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/head.15084","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T09:56:47Z","timestamp":1773309407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/head.15084"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/head.15084"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.15084","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-8748","1526-4610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-8748","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4610","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}