{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:23:52Z","timestamp":1790724232610,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vestibular migraine (VM) is a common migraine subtype characterized by recurrent vestibular symptoms. Despite its prevalence, evidence\u2010based treatment guidelines are lacking. Vestibular rehabilitation (VR) has been proven effective in many vestibular disorders, but its role in managing VM has not been well established. This systematic review aimed to summarize and pool the evidence on the effectiveness of VR for VM using standardized outcome measures, primarily focusing on patient\u2010reported dizziness\u2010related quality\u2010of\u2010life assessments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus from inception to March 2025 for studies evaluating self\u2010reported and physical outcome measures of VR in patients with VM. Meta\u2010analysis of mean change in Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scores was performed. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool for the randomized controlled trials and the ROBINS\u2010I tool for observational studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Seven studies comprising 413 patients (mean age, 45.4; 76% female) with VM treated with VR were included. The effect of vestibular rehabilitation on DHI scores showed a pooled mean difference of \u221229.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], \u221240.2 to \u221218.3), more than the clinically important difference of 18 points. Although, our meta\u2010analysis had high heterogeneity (Cochran's\n                      <jats:italic>Q p<\/jats:italic>\n                      value\u2009&lt;0.001,\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200994.7%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>VR demonstrated a reduction in DHI scores, meeting the clinically significant difference of 18 indicating clinical improvement. However, the considerable heterogeneity limits the generalizability of these results and highlights the need for further standardized randomized controlled trials with subgroup analyses to better determine the specific benefits and optimal protocols of VR in managing VM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.70002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T12:13:16Z","timestamp":1764072796000},"page":"77-87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The effect of vestibular rehabilitation in the management of vestibular migraine in adults: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6793-417X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jad","family":"El Ahdab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Disorders Center Neurological Institute  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Vilardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6507-1967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bradley","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas R.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Institute Center for Outcomes, Research, and Evaluation (NI\u2010CORE), Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Nero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Education Institute, Floyd D. Loop Alumni Library Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"G\u00fcnkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences University of Arizona  Tuscon Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Cherian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurological Restoration Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Bucklan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurological Restoration Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-201644"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13484"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001257"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac264"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-09748-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00440"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102419869317"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"PageMJ McKenzieJE BossuytPM et\u00a0al.The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. 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