{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T08:06:23Z","timestamp":1775117183448,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this systematic review was to assess the magnitude of the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and migraine by synthesizing prevalence and incidence data from relevant studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Migraine is associated with reduced quality of life and an increased risk for psychiatric comorbidities. Recent evidence indicates a growing relevance of PTSD in this context.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE (via Elsevier), and PsycInfo (via EBSCOhost) from inception to November 22, 2024. Studies were eligible if they included adult populations and reported migraine prevalence or incidence in PTSD and non\u2010PTSD groups. No restrictions were made regarding setting, language, or publication date. Two independent reviewers conducted study selection and data extraction. Results were narratively synthesized, and study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 12,801 records, 11 studies from five countries were included. Study populations included military personnel, general population, nurses, pregnant women, and students. Migraine prevalence (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20099) was higher in individuals with PTSD (6.5%\u201346.5%) compared to those without (1.4%\u201325.8%), as were incidence estimates (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091; 48.5% vs. 39.5%) and incidence rates (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091; 5.74 vs. 1.22). All studies reported a positive association between PTSD and migraine, with ratios ranging from 1.2 to 4.7.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review demonstrates a strong association between PTSD and migraine that extends beyond predisposed populations. These findings highlight the need for systematic trauma assessment in patients with chronic headache disorders. Future research should further explore this bidirectional interaction in population\u2010based samples.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>PROSPERO study registration: CRD4202461764.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.70058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T09:44:10Z","timestamp":1771407850000},"page":"963-975","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The association between posttraumatic stress disorder and migraine: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4936-1192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucie","family":"Nitsche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg  Oldenburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jasmin","family":"Helbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg  Oldenburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Stubenrauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg  Oldenburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meret","family":"Lakeberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg  Oldenburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1165-8081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carsten","family":"Bantel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine Klinikum Oldenburg  Oldenburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0182-5373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Falk","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg  Oldenburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-022-00763-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2023.102783"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-020-01208-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-021-01243-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","first-page":"498","article-title":"Headache and its effects on health\u2010related quality of life among adults","volume":"23","author":"Arslantas D","year":"2013","journal-title":"Turk Neurosurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6725-x"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Migraine and tension\u2010type headache in Germany. 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