{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T07:50:14Z","timestamp":1781941814589,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CM21\/00178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM21\/00178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JR23\/00005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JR23\/00005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI24\/01085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI24\/01085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate demographic characteristics, treatment effectiveness, and safety outcomes in patients with migraine undergoing anti\u2010calcitonin gene\u2010related peptide (CGRP) treatments regarding the presence of autoimmune diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CGRP has an important role in migraine pathophysiology through neuronal modulation in the trigeminovascular nociceptive system and activation of neuro\u2010inflammatory cascades. We hypothesized that autoimmune diseases may influence treatment response and safety profiles in patients with migraine treated with anti\u2010CGRP treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective multicenter, age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched cohort study in headache units\/headache clinics in Spain and United Kingdom between May 2024 and May 2025 including patients treated with CGRP monoclonal antibodies from prospectively collected cohorts. Patients were assessed for demographics, migraine\u2010related characteristics, treatment effectiveness (monthly migraine days [MMD] and\/or monthly headache days [MHD]), and safety outcomes. The main outcome was the effectiveness measured by \u226550% response rate in MMD between the two groups. Secondary outcomes included other effectiveness measurements regarding the number of MMD and MHD and treatment emerging adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 388 patients with migraine under anti\u2010CGRP treatments (194 with autoimmune diseases and 194 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls without autoimmune diseases) were included. The proportion of patients achieving a \u226550% response rate in MMD was higher in patients without autoimmune diseases at 6 (69% vs. 53%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006) and 9\u2009months (74% vs. 52%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006). Treatment emerging adverse events were comparable between the two groups (35% vs. 38%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.575). Patients with autoimmune disease had a significantly lower likelihood of achieving a \u226550% response in MMD compared with those without autoimmune disease (adjusted odds ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.44\u20130.85;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006), independent of comorbid depression and medication overuse.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study shows that anti\u2010CGRP treatments are effective and safe for patients with migraine regardless the presence of autoimmune diseases, although an increased treatment response in patient without autoimmune disorders compared to patients with autoimmune disorders was observed. These findings highlight the need for early intervention, tailored strategies, and vigilant monitoring in patients with migraine and autoimmune disorders. Further research should explore immunomodulatory approaches to enhance outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/head70086-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.70086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T06:14:07Z","timestamp":1775110447000},"page":"1330-1341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of\n                    <scp>anti\u2010CGRP<\/scp>\n                    monoclonal antibodies in patients with migraine and autoimmune diseases:\n                    <scp>IMMUNO<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>CGRP study<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4905-4186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Clara","family":"Garc\u00eda\u2010Castillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid (UAM)  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Neurology and Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0022-6064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Sierra\u2010Menc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Unit, Neurology Department Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario de Valladolid  Valladolid 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