{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T11:42:44Z","timestamp":1792582964600,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize gray and white matter structural alterations in migraine without aura (MwoA) and migraine with aura (MwA) relative to healthy controls (HC), test direct differences between the migraine groups, and examine spatial associations between voxel\u2010based morphometry findings and molecular and cellular reference templates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have reported gray and white matter abnormalities in migraine, but findings vary across cohorts, imaging methods, and clinical subgroups. Whether migraine with and without aura show distinct structural patterns remains uncertain, and the molecular and cellular context of these alterations is incompletely understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional group\u2010comparison analysis was embedded in an ongoing prospective single\u2010center study at The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University in Dalian, China, and included participants recruited from August 2025 to March 2026. Thirty HC, 40 participants with MwoA, and 15 participants with MwA underwent T1\u2010weighted and diffusion MRI. Diffusion tensor imaging, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, and diffusional kurtosis imaging metrics were analyzed using tract\u2010based spatial statistics; gray matter microstructure and volume were assessed using gray matter\u2013based spatial statistics and voxel\u2010based morphometry (VBM). JuSpace Toolbox correlated unthresholded VBM statistical parametric t (spmT) maps with neurotransmitter\u2010 and cell\u2010related templates. Models adjusted for age, sex, and education; VBM additionally adjusted for total intracranial volume; and direct MwoA\u2010versus\u2010MwA sensitivity models included Patient Health Questionnaire\u20109.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Relative to HC, MwoA showed higher mean and radial diffusivity and lower neurite density index, whereas MwA showed lower free\u2010water fraction (all threshold\u2010free cluster enhancement\u2013family\u2010wise error [FWE],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). No diffusional kurtosis imaging or corrected gray matter\u2013based spatial statistics result was significant. VBM showed lower gray matter volume in MwoA in left cerebellar Crus I (77 voxels; peak\u2010level whole\u2010brain family\u2010wise error (FWE)\u2010corrected p value (pFWE)\u2009=\u20090.022) and right inferior frontal gyrus, pars triangularis (6 voxels; pFWE\u2009=\u20090.025), and in MwA in right inferior frontal gyrus, pars triangularis (85 voxels; pFWE\u2009=\u20090.019). Direct MwoA\u2010versus\u2010MwA comparisons were nonsignificant in primary and Patient Health Questionnaire\u20109\u2013adjusted models. JuSpace identified seven and 11 false discovery rate (FDR)\u2010significant neurotransmitter\u2010related associations for MwoA\u2010versus\u2010HC and MwA\u2010versus\u2010HC, respectively; no cell\u2010related template survived FDR correction for MwoA\u2010versus\u2010HC, whereas nine survived for MwA\u2010versus\u2010HC (\n                      <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). No region of interest\u2013clinical association survived Bonferroni correction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multimodal MRI identified gray and white matter alterations in both migraine groups relative to HC, whereas direct MwoA\u2010versus\u2010MwA comparisons were nonsignificant. JuSpace provided complementary spatial context for the VBM findings. These results broaden the structural characterization of migraine but do not establish imaging differences between the two migraine groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/head.70238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T11:05:31Z","timestamp":1792580731000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gray and white matter structural alterations in migraine with and without aura: A multimodal\n                    <scp>MRI<\/scp>\n                    and\n                    <scp>JuSpace<\/scp>\n                    analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Yuhao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University  Dalian People's Republic of 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