{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:18:49Z","timestamp":1787239129166,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,13]],"date-time":"2015-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004386","name":"UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UM.C\/625\/1\/HIR\/MoE\/CHAN\/13\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM.C\/625\/1\/HIR\/MoE\/CHAN\/13\/2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004386","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Back ground<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection is involved in several gastroduodenal diseases which can be cured by antimicrobial treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and its bacterial resistance to clarithromycin, fluoroquinolones, and tetracycline in Brazzaville, Congo, by using molecular methods.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross\u2010 sectional study was carried out between September 2013 and April 2014. Biopsy specimens were obtained from patients scheduled for an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and were sent to the French National Reference Center for Campylobacters and Helicobacters where they were tested by molecular methods for detection of\n                      <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      and clarithromycin resistance by real\u2010time\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer\u2010melting curve analysis (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FRET<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) protocol, for detection of tetracycline resistance by real\u2010time\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      on 16S\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rRNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      genes (\n                      <jats:italic>rrn<\/jats:italic>\n                      A and\n                      <jats:italic>rrn<\/jats:italic>\n                      B), for detection of point mutations in the quinolone resistance\u2010determining regions (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QRDR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) of\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori gyr<\/jats:italic>\n                      A gene, associated with resistance to quinolones, by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and sequencing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study showed a high\n                      <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      prevalence (89%), low rates of clarithromycin and tetracycline resistance (1.7% and 2.5%, respectively), and a high rate of quinolone resistance (50%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Therefore, the use of standard clarithromycin\u2010based triple therapy is still possible as an empiric first\u2010line treatment as well as prescription of bismuth\u2010based quadruple therapy, which includes tetracycline, but not a levofloxacin\u2010based triple therapy because of the high rate of resistance to fluoroquinolones.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,13]],"date-time":"2015-01-13T22:16:58Z","timestamp":1421187418000},"page":"316-320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Molecular Detection of\n                    <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    and its Antimicrobial Resistance in Brazzaville, Congo"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Esther Nina","family":"Ontsira Ngoyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Haematology Department Health Sciences Faculty Brazzaville Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blaise Ir\u00e9n\u00e9e","family":"Atipo Ibara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Department Health Sciences Faculty Brazzaville Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachelle","family":"Moyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology 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