{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T18:17:58Z","timestamp":1781893078396,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,10]],"date-time":"2015-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1428624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Object<\/jats:title><jats:p>As nonmicrobial dietary approach is capable of controlling <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>elicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> infection, we evaluated the efficacy of long\u2010term dietary administration of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>rtemisia<\/jats:italic> and\/or green tea extracts on <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010initiated, high\u2010salt\u2010promoted chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric tumorigenesis mouse model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected and high\u2010salt\u2010diet\u2010administered <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>57<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BL<\/jats:styled-content>\/6 mice were administered with <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>rtemisia<\/jats:italic> extracts (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MP<\/jats:styled-content> group) and\/or green tea extracts (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GT<\/jats:styled-content> group) for 36\u00a0weeks in addition to the control group (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content> group, gastroprotective drug, ecabet sodium 30\u00a0mg\/kg, diet pellet). Gross and pathological gastric lesions were evaluated after 24 and 36\u00a0weeks, respectively, and their underlying molecular changes were measured in gastric homogenates. Detailed mechanisms were further evaluated in in vitro cell models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The erythematous and nodular changes and mucosal ulcerative and erosive lesions were noted in the control group at 24\u00a0weeks. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MP<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> GT<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> MPGT<\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content> groups all showed significantly ameliorated pathologic lesion compared to the control group (<jats:italic>p\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.05). After the 36\u00a0weeks, scattered nodular masses with some central ulcers and thin gastric surface were noted in the control stomach, whereas no tumorous lesion and milder atrophic changes were observed in all <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MP<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> GT<\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPGT<\/jats:styled-content> groups except <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ES<\/jats:styled-content> group (<jats:italic>p\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.05). On molecular analysis, increased expressions of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COX<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106, lipid peroxide, and activated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STAT<\/jats:styled-content>3 relevant to <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> infection were significantly decreased with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPGT<\/jats:styled-content> administration (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a0.01), whereas <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSP<\/jats:styled-content>70 was significantly increased. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGDH<\/jats:styled-content> expressions, core tumor suppressor involved in carcinogenesis, were significantly decreased with <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> infection (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05), but significantly increased in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPGT<\/jats:styled-content> group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). Increased mucosal apoptotic index noted in the control group was significantly decreased with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MP<\/jats:styled-content> and\/or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GT<\/jats:styled-content> along with significantly preserved gastric gastroprotective mediators (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01) such as mucins, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSP<\/jats:styled-content>27, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSP<\/jats:styled-content>70. <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced serum <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03baB activations were significantly decreased with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MPGT<\/jats:styled-content> administration (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long\u2010term dietary intake of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MP<\/jats:styled-content> and\/or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GT<\/jats:styled-content> can be an effective strategy either to rejuvenate <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> atrophic gastritis or to suppress tumorigenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,10]],"date-time":"2015-04-10T23:01:15Z","timestamp":1428706875000},"page":"40-59","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Dietary Intervention of <i>Artemisia<\/i> and Green Tea Extracts to Rejuvenate <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\u2010Associated Chronic Atrophic Gastritis and to Prevent 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