{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T08:56:59Z","timestamp":1783587419882,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]],"date-time":"2015-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1450137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> is associated with gastrointestinal diseases such as gastritis, peptic ulcers, malignancy and lymphoma, and extra\u2010gastrointestinal conditions. <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection is negatively associated with children's growth. Chronic inflammation of the stomach that results in the loss of appetite and, dysregulation of neuroendocrine hormones such as leptin, and ghrelin are the probable reasons of this negative association. The objective of this study is to determine the serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 in <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected children and their relations with growth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A hundred and sixty\u2010one school children aged between 6 and 14 years were selected randomly from five primary schools representing a cross section of population. Demographic and sociocultural characteristics, and anthropometric measurements were recorded. Serum <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> IgG, insulin\u2010like growth factor\u20101, leptin, and ghrelin levels were measured in all children. The children were grouped according to the nutritional status and <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> seropositivity. Nutritional indices were compared among groups in association with serum leptin, ghrelin, and insulin\u2010like growth factor\u20101 levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> IgG positivity was found in 34.2%, and 14.9% of children were malnourished. <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> seropositivity was significantly higher in older ages (10.32 \u00b1 2.26 vs 9.53 \u00b1 2.36 years, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .036), and body weight and height Z scores were significantly lower in <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010seropositive children (\u22120.33 \u00b1 1.08 vs 0.04 \u00b1 1.26, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .044 and 0.13 \u00b1 0.92 vs 0.23 \u00b1 0.91, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .018 respectively). <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> seropositivity was found to be an independent risk factor for shorter body height (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .01). Serum leptin, ghrelin, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 levels were not associated with <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> IgG seropositivity (0.35 vs 0.55 ng\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .3; 3267.4 \u00b1 753.0 vs 2808.3 \u00b1 911.4 pg\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .06; 470 \u00b1 176 vs 521 \u00b1 179 ng\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .32, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children infected with <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> are prone to short stature. This effect seems to be independent of neuroendocrine hormones.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]],"date-time":"2015-12-15T11:06:06Z","timestamp":1450177566000},"page":"317-324","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["<i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> Infection in Children: Nutritional Status and Associations with Serum Leptin, Ghrelin, and <scp>IGF<\/scp>\u20101 Levels"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Gulin","family":"Erdemir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Uludag University Medical Faculty Bursa Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanju Basarir","family":"Ozkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Uludag University Medical Faculty Bursa Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taner","family":"Ozgur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Uludag University Medical Faculty Bursa Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derya","family":"Altay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Uludag University Medical Faculty Bursa Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinan","family":"Cavun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology Uludag University Medical Faculty Bursa Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guher","family":"Goral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Uludag University Medical Faculty Bursa Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/45230"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35051587"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/29547"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI30227"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.6.1034"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000118561.54919.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)91816-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90477-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)91782-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.88.3.578"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i41.5181"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-009-1091-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-11-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"T\u00fcrk \u00e7ocuklar\u0131nda v\u00fccut a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, boy uzunlu\u011fu, ba\u015f \u00e7evresi ve v\u00fccut kitle indeksi referans de\u011ferleri","volume":"51","author":"Neyzi O","year":"2008","journal-title":"\u00c7ocuk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. Geneva: World Health Organization 1995. WHO Technical Report Series 854. p162."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200406002-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2003.01903.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.82.9.2849"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2011.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Konya'da iki yeti\u015ftirme yurdunda bar\u0131nan ad\u00f6lesanlar\u0131n beslenme durumlar\u0131","volume":"29","author":"Kayhan ES","year":"2000","journal-title":"Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"The effect of nutritional education on nutritional knowledge and habits in secondary school students (In Turkish)","volume":"32","author":"Sanl\u0131er N","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Nutr Diet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020645"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2012.36.6.391"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00149-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","first-page":"114","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection in Turkish preschool and school children: role of socioeconomic factors and breast feeding","volume":"45","author":"Ertem D","year":"2003","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000215307.48169.7b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2010.00766.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-006-9210-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2196"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-007-0552-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2002.015313"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2005.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.65.2.189"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200110000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i6.1379"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3182443fec"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-4749-2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2010.00814.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.105575"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i10.1249"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i11.1644"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","first-page":"130","article-title":"Ghrelin, Helicobacter pylori and body mass: is there an association?","volume":"14","author":"Boltin D","year":"2012","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2002.129201"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2004.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.49.8.676"}],"container-title":["Helicobacter"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fhel.12288","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hel.12288","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T09:24:53Z","timestamp":1695720293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hel.12288"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hel.12288"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hel.12288","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-4389","1523-5378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-4389","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-5378","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]]}}}