{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T03:34:33Z","timestamp":1772595273924,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,24]],"date-time":"2016-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Helicobacter suis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>H.\u00a0suis<\/jats:italic>) is the most prevalent gastric non\u2010<jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori Helicobacter<\/jats:italic> species in humans. This bacterium mainly colonizes the stomach of pigs, but it has also been detected in the stomach of nonhuman primates. The aim of this study was to obtain better insights into potential differences between pig\u2010 and primate\u2010associated <jats:italic>H.\u00a0suis<\/jats:italic> strains in virulence and pathogenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>In vitro\u2010<\/jats:italic>isolated <jats:italic>H.\u00a0suis<\/jats:italic> strains obtained from pigs, cynomolgus monkeys (<jats:italic>Macaca fascicularis<\/jats:italic>), and rhesus monkeys (<jats:italic>Macaca mulatta<\/jats:italic>) were used for intragastric inoculation of BALB\/c mice and Mongolian gerbils. Nine weeks and six months later, samples of the stomach of inoculated and control animals were taken for PCR analysis and histopathological examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cynomolgus monkey\u2010associated <jats:italic>H.\u00a0suis<\/jats:italic> strain only colonized the stomach of mice, but not of Mongolian gerbils. All other <jats:italic>H.\u00a0suis<\/jats:italic> strains colonized the stomach in both rodent models. In all colonized animals, severe gastric inflammation was induced. Gastric lymphoid follicles and destruction of the antral epithelium were observed in infected gerbils, but not in mice. Infection with both pig\u2010 and primate\u2010associated <jats:italic>H.\u00a0suis<\/jats:italic> strains evoked a similar marked Th17 response in mice and gerbils, accompanied by increased CXCL\u201013 expression levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Apart from the cynomolgus monkey\u2010associated strain which was unable of colonizing the stomach of Mongolian gerbils, no substantial differences in virulence were found in rodent models between <jats:italic>in vitro\u2010<\/jats:italic>cultured pig\u2010associated, cynomolgus monkey\u2010associated and rhesus monkey\u2010associated <jats:italic>H. suis<\/jats:italic> strains. The experimental host determines the outcome of the immune response against <jats:italic>H. suis<\/jats:italic> infection, rather than the original host.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,25]],"date-time":"2016-08-25T02:36:39Z","timestamp":1472092599000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Comparative virulence of <i>in vitro<\/i>\u2010cultured primate\u2010 and pig\u2010associated <i>Helicobacter suis<\/i> strains in a BALB\/c mouse and a Mongolian gerbil model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9996-3509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iris","family":"Bosschem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bram","family":"Flahou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaco","family":"Bakker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science Department Biomedical Primate Research Centre  Rijswijk The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edwin","family":"Heuvelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science Department Biomedical Primate Research Centre  Rijswijk The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan A.M.","family":"Langermans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science Department Biomedical Primate Research Centre  Rijswijk The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"De Bruyne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myrthe","family":"Joosten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annemieke","family":"Smet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Ducatelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian 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