{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T19:56:19Z","timestamp":1787860579415,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,27]],"date-time":"2016-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003061","name":"Erasmus Medisch Centrum","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001828","name":"Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001828","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DK090989"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DK090989"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Preeclampsia (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), small for gestational age (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), and spontaneous preterm birth (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) each may be complications of impaired placental function in pregnancy. Although their exact pathogenesis is still unknown, certain infectious agents seem to play a role.\n                      <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori (H.\u00a0pylori)<\/jats:italic>\n                      colonization has been associated with increased risk for\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Our aim was to assess the association between\n                      <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      colonization and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We measured IgG anti\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      and CagA antibodies in serum of pregnant women (median 20.5\u00a0weeks, range 16.5\u201029.4) who participated in a population\u2010based prospective cohort study. Delivery and medical records were assessed. Information on demographics, education, and maternal risk factors was collected by questionnaire. We used multivariate logistic regression analyses to assess associations between\n                      <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      colonization and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 6348 pregnant women were assessed.\n                      <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      positivity was found in 2915 (46%) women, of whom 1023 (35%) also were CagA\u2010positive. Pregnancy was complicated by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , or\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in 927 (15%) women.\n                      <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      colonization was associated with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.51; 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.03\u20102.25). Differentiation according to CagA status revealed the same risk.\n                      <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      was positively related with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , mainly explained by CagA\u2010positive strains (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.34; 1.04\u20101.71). No association was observed between\n                      <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      and PTB.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our data suggest that\n                      <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      colonization may be a risk factor for\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SGA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . If these associations are confirmed by future studies and shown to be causal,\n                      <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      eradication may reduce related perinatal morbidity and mortality.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,27]],"date-time":"2016-10-27T06:52:36Z","timestamp":1477551156000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["<i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    colonization and pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia, spontaneous prematurity, and small for gestational age birth"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Wouter J.","family":"den Hollander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Schalekamp\u2010Timmermans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I. Lisanne","family":"Holster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent W.","family":"Jaddoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Hofman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henri\u00ebtte A.","family":"Moll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermo I.","family":"Perez\u2010Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Microbiology New York Langone Medicine Center New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin J.","family":"Blaser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Microbiology New York Langone Medicine Center New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric A. 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