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Characterization of the mechanisms by which <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> adapts to the human stomach environment is of crucial importance to understand <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> pathogenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In an effort to extend our knowledge of these mechanisms, we used proteomic analysis and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qRT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> to characterize the role of the histone\u2010like protein <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HU<\/jats:styled-content> in the response of <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> to low <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Proteomic analysis revealed that genes involved in chemotaxis, oxidative stress, or metabolism are under control of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HU<\/jats:styled-content> protein. Also, expression of the virulence factors Ggt and NapA is affected by the null mutation of <jats:italic>hup<\/jats:italic> gene both at neutral and acid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>, as evidenced by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qRT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Those results showed that <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> gene expression is altered by shift to low <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>, thus confirming that acid exposure leads to profound changes in genomic expression, and suggest that the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HU<\/jats:styled-content> protein is a regulator that may help the bacterium adapt to the acid stress. In accordance with previous reports, we found that the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HU<\/jats:styled-content> protein participates in gene expression regulation when the microorganism is exposed to acid stress. Such transcriptional regulation underlies protein accumulation in the <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> cell.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,28]],"date-time":"2017-02-28T07:52:39Z","timestamp":1488268359000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The histone\u2010like protein HU has a role in gene expression during the acid adaptation response in <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Alhejandra","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Faculty of Medicine ICBM, University of Chile  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8813-2873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Toledo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of 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