{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T07:00:36Z","timestamp":1792479636920,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,20]],"date-time":"2019-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The eradication rates for <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> have decreased in Korea although the prevalence of this bacterium has also decreased. Antibiotic resistance is likely to be a crucial factor in <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication success, and we therefore mapped these resistance patterns nationwide in Korea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five hundred and ninety adult subjects were prospectively enrolled from 2017 to 2018 from 15 centers across six geographic areas of Korea. A total of 580 biopsy tissues had been sampled from these patients during an upper endoscopy and were frozen at \u221280\u00b0C and delivered to a central laboratory. The agar dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin for each <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> isolate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The culture success rate was 60.2% (349\/580). Resistance rates against clarithromycin, metronidazole, amoxicillin, tetracycline, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin were 17.8%, 29.5%, 9.5%, 0%, 37.0%, and 37.0%, respectively. The geographic distribution of metronidazole and quinolone resistance was highly variable. Some subjects had multiple <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> strains in the antrum and body of the stomach and showed a heterogeneous resistance profile between these anatomic areas. The <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> multidrug resistance (MDR) rate was 25.2% (88\/349) among amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, tetracycline, and quinolone and 11.2% (39\/349) among four of these major antibiotics except for quinolone. The Seoul and Chungcheong areas showed a relatively lower MDR rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The antibiotic resistance of <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> differs by drug and geographic area in Korea. Detailed nationwide antibiotic resistance mapping is needed to develop an effective <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication strategy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]],"date-time":"2019-05-21T04:32:35Z","timestamp":1558413155000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":142,"title":["Nationwide antibiotic resistance mapping of <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> in Korea: A prospective multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0778-7585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Yong","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2517-4109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kee Don","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hwoon\u2010Yong","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Mogg","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Hanyang University College of Medicine Seoul 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Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Inje University College of Medicine Busan Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan Sik","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Kyu","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Chungnam National University College of Medicine Daejeon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010Won","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center Gachon University Incheon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae Young","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyuk","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang Won","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung 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