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By excluding false\u2010negative and autoimmune gastritis cases, it can be surmised that most of these patients have experienced unintentional eradication of <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> after antibiotic treatment for other infectious disease, unreported successful eradication, or <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> that spontaneously disappeared. These patients are considered to have previous <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> infection\u2013induced atrophic gastritis. In this work, we define these cases based on the following criteria: absence of previous <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication; atrophic changes on endoscopy or histologic confirmation of glandular atrophy; negative for a current <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> infection diagnosed in the absence of proton\u2010pump inhibitors or antibiotics; and absence of localized corpus atrophy, positivity for autoantibodies, or characteristic histologic findings suggestive of autoimmune gastritis. The risk of developing gastric cancer depends on the atrophic grade. The reported rate of developing gastric cancer is 0.31%\u20100.62% per year for successfully eradicated severely atrophic cases (pathophysiologically equal to unintentionally eradicated cases and unreported eradicated cases), and 0.53%\u20100.87% per year for spontaneously resolved cases due to severe atrophy. Therefore, for previous <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> infection\u2013induced atrophic gastritis cases, we recommend endoscopic surveillance every 3\u00a0years for high\u2010risk patients, including those with endoscopically severe atrophy or intestinal metaplasia. Because of the difficulty involved in the endoscopic diagnosis of gastric cancer in cases of previous infection, appropriate monitoring of the high\u2010risk subgroup of this understudied population is especially important.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]],"date-time":"2019-11-04T02:33:37Z","timestamp":1572834817000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Previous <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> infection\u2013induced atrophic gastritis<i>:<\/i> A distinct disease entity in an understudied population without a history of eradication"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3689-2517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kishikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Ichikawa General Hospital Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa Chiba 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