{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T16:06:58Z","timestamp":1784650018072,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>An inverse association has been suggested between celiac disease (CD) and <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Hp<\/jats:italic>) infection in children; however, there are inconsistent data. The purpose of this multi\u2010center study is to evaluate the association between <jats:italic>Hp<\/jats:italic> and CD in childhood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children who underwent endoscopy between July 2016 and November 2017 in four pediatric gastroenterology centers were included in the study. Patients with a history of previous <jats:italic>Hp<\/jats:italic> eradication, antibiotic or acid\u2010suppressive drug therapy in the last 4\u00a0weeks, and any underlying chronic disease were excluded. The presence of <jats:italic>Hp<\/jats:italic> infection was confirmed by both histopathology and the rapid urease test. The ones who had the diagnosis of CD were compared with the children who underwent endoscopy during the same period and had another diagnosis. Duodenal histopathology of children with CD was categorized according to the modified Marsh classification.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 3056 endoscopies performed in the study period, 2484 cases were eligible for the study. A total of 482 CD patients (mean age: 9.71\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.63\u00a0years, 58.5% girls) and 2060 controls (mean age: 9.92\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.66\u00a0years, 54.6% girls) were included in the study. The rate of <jats:italic>Hp<\/jats:italic> infection was significantly lower in CD group (26.3% vs 50.1%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01). The difference was prominent even in children younger than 6\u00a0years old (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01). There was no correlation between <jats:italic>Hp<\/jats:italic> infection and the modified Marsh scores in CD (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cross\u2010sectional study, where <jats:italic>Hp<\/jats:italic> infection is common even in the pediatric population, the frequency of <jats:italic>Hp<\/jats:italic> infection was significantly lower in children with CD compared with the controls. Systematic cohort studies are necessary to clarify causal association between <jats:italic>Hp<\/jats:italic> infection and the development of celiac disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T10:06:46Z","timestamp":1585735606000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["<i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> infection in children with celiac disease: Multi\u2010center, cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5553-6123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nevzat Aykut","family":"Bayrak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Diyarbakir Children's Hospital Diyarbakir Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Engin","family":"Tutar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Marmara University School of Medicine Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Burcu","family":"Volkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Erzurum Regional Training &amp; Research Hospital Erzurum Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilge","family":"Sahin Akkelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Marmara University School of Medicine Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"Polat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training &amp; Research Hospital Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunsel","family":"Kutluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training &amp; Research Hospital Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4427-0569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deniz","family":"Ertem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Marmara University School of Medicine Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000369518"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-13-109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529609009127"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2016.10.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-12-194"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.299.6710.1259"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08830185.2011.602443"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i40.11411"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-4749-2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200012120-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt234"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-28032015000200012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13654"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001594"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"182","article-title":"Developing a tool for the measurement of socio\u2010economic status (SES) from a representative sample: the case of Ankara City Center","volume":"13","author":"Kalaycio\u011flu S","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sosyoloji Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","volume-title":"IDA: prevention, assessment and control. 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