{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T02:42:25Z","timestamp":1779936145231,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]],"date-time":"2020-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autoimmune atrophic gastritis (AIG) is very rare in children. Despite a better understanding of histopathologic changes and serological markers in this disease, underlying etiopathogenic mechanisms and the effect of <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>H\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>) infection are not well known. We aimed to investigate the relation between AIG and <jats:italic>H\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> infection in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated the presence of AIG and <jats:italic>H\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> infection in fifty\u2010three patients with positive antiparietal cell antibody (APCA). Demographic data, clinical symptoms, laboratory and endoscopic findings, histopathology, and presence of <jats:italic>H\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> were recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The children were aged between 5 and 18\u00a0years, and 28 (52.8%) of them were male. Mean age was 14.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.6\u00a0years (median: 15.3; min\u2010max: 5.2\u201018), and 10 (18.8%) of them had AIG confirmed by histopathology. In the AIG group, the duration of vitamin B12 deficiency was longer (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.022), hemoglobin levels were lower (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.018), and APCA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.039) and gastrin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.002) levels were higher than those in the non\u2010AIG group. Endoscopic findings were similar between the two groups. Intestinal metaplasia was higher (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.018) in the AIG group. None of the patients in the AIG group had <jats:italic>H\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> infection (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.004). One patient in the AIG group had enterochromaffin\u2010like cell hyperplasia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results show that, in children, <jats:italic>H\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> infection may not play a role in AIG. AIG could be associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, iron deficiency, and APCA positivity in children. APCA and gastrin levels should be investigated for the early diagnosis of AIG and intestinal metaplasia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]],"date-time":"2020-06-27T08:52:32Z","timestamp":1593247952000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Autoimmune atrophic gastritis: The role of <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> infection in children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9176-9100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arzu Meltem","family":"Demir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4235-9428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Burcu","family":"Berbero\u011flu Ate\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0167-4990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fclin","family":"H\u0131zal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5605-1021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayta\u00e7","family":"Yaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3551-7267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ceyda","family":"Tuna K\u0131rsa\u00e7l\u0131o\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8350-8704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ay\u015fe Selcen","family":"O\u011fuz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6592-4533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esra","family":"Karaku\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5488-2385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ne\u015fe","family":"Yaral\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6857-0681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nam\u0131k Ya\u015far","family":"\u00d6zbek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199610000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i10.995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199711133372007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"1542","article-title":"Biermer's disease","volume":"51","author":"Zittoun J","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rev Prat"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcmd.2007.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01071995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.01.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0931"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CEG.S109123"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1291491"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Iron deficiency anemia. assessment prevention and control. 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