{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T04:27:36Z","timestamp":1791779256967,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]],"date-time":"2022-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A persistently high methylation level in gastric mucosa after <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>) eradication is presumed to be a risk for metachronous gastric cancer (MGC); however, long\u2010term changes in aberrant DNA methylation and histological gastritis have been unclear. Our aim was to examine changes in DNA methylation and histological gastritis according to the occurrence of MGC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subjects were classified into three groups: 25 patients in whom MGCs occurred after the initial endoscopic resection (ER) for early gastric cancer and <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication (MGC group), 17 patients in whom MGC did not occur for more than 5\u2009years after the initial ER and <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication (non\u2010MGC group) and 29 patients without a history of gastric cancer who succeeded in eradication more than 5\u2009years ago (HP group). Aberrance of DNA methylation in three genes (miR\u2010124a\u20103, EMX1, NKX6\u20101) and histological score of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia (IM) were evaluated using biopsy samples before and more than a mean of 5\u2009years after <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication. Also, the mean <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score was calculated using <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score values of the three genes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The methylation level of miR\u2010124a\u20103 in the HP group and non\u2010MGC group and that of EMX1 in the HP group significantly decreased in the long term after eradication. In the MGC group, <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication did not improve aberrant methylation, and the mean <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score significantly increased. There were significant positive correlations between methylation levels in miR\u2010124a\u20103 and EMX1 and histological findings after eradication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A persistently high methylation level after <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication reflected precancerous mucosal conditions and led to long\u2010term MGC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]],"date-time":"2022-08-08T18:04:03Z","timestamp":1659981843000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Long\u2010term changes in aberrant <scp>DNA<\/scp> methylation and gastritis after <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> eradication focused on metachronous gastric cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1186-6884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ikko","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine Hokkaido University  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4485-6367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shoko","family":"Ono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endoscopy Hokkaido University Hospital  Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Kawasaki Rinko General Hospital  Kawasaki Japan"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine St. Marianna University School of Medicine  Kawasaki 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