{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T11:11:51Z","timestamp":1768648311405,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010308","name":"Field Neurosciences Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010308","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> strains show a high level of genotypic diversity and express several genes that contribute to their pathogenicity and resistance. In Mozambique, there is lack of information regarding its resistance pattern to antibiotics. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> and its genotypic resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and fluoroquinolones in Mozambican dyspeptic patients. Since appropriate eradication should be based on the local resistance rate, our data will guide clinicians in choosing the best drugs for the effective treatment of <jats:italic>H. pylori\u2010<\/jats:italic>infected patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a cross\u2010sectional descriptive study conducted between June 2017 and June 2020, in which 171 dyspeptic patients were recruited, and through upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, gastric biopsies were collected from those patients. Polymerase chain reaction was performed for the detection of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> and its resistance mechanisms to clarithromycin (<jats:italic>23S rRNA<\/jats:italic>), metronidazole (<jats:italic>rdxA<\/jats:italic>), and fluoroquinolones (<jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>); mutations conferring resistance to these antibiotics were investigated by sequencing <jats:italic>23S rRNA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>rdxA<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic> genes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 171 samples tested, <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> was detected in 56.1% (96\/171). The clarithromycin resistance rate was 10.4% (the responsible mutations were A2142G and A2143G), the metronidazole resistance rate was 55.2% (4 types of mutations responsible for metronidazole resistance were identified which include, D59N, R90K, H97T, and A118T. However, in many cases, they appeared in combination, with D59N\u2009+\u2009R90K\u2009+\u2009A118T being the most frequent combination), and the fluoroquinolones resistance rate was 20% (the responsible mutations were N87I and D91G).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection remains common in dyspeptic Mozambican patients. High resistance to metronidazole and fluoroquinolones requires continuous monitoring of antibiotic resistance and adaptation of therapy to eradicate this infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.13000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,21]],"date-time":"2023-06-21T07:50:59Z","timestamp":1687333859000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Molecular detection of <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> and its genotypic antimicrobial resistance patterns in dyspeptic Mozambican patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4625-9865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ismail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Central de Maputo  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nashon D.","family":"Majaliwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Universidade Eduardo Mondlane  Maputo Mozambique"},{"name":"Biotechnology Center Universidade Eduardo Mondlane  Maputo Mozambique"},{"name":"Pathogen Genome Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed\u2010ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4635-0105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipa F.","family":"Vale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathogen Genome Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed\u2010ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"BioISI \u2013 Instituto de Biossistemas e Ci\u00eancias Integrativas, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Universidade de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roqueia","family":"Cumbana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Central de Maputo  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 J.","family":"Sumbana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Universidade Eduardo Mondlane  Maputo Mozambique"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences Universidade Eduardo Mondlane  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ars\u00e9nio","family":"Muchongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Universidade Eduardo Mondlane  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ema","family":"Nassone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Central de Maputo  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michella","family":"Loforte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Central de Maputo  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liana","family":"Mondlane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Central de Maputo  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ed\u00edlia","family":"Bot\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Hospital Central de Maputo  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Taviani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Center Universidade Eduardo Mondlane  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Carrilho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Hospital Central de Maputo  Maputo Mozambique"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universidade Eduardo Mondlane  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge M. B.","family":"V\u00edtor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathogen Genome Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed\u2010ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1059-217X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jahit","family":"Sacarlal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Universidade Eduardo Mondlane  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/MA21025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i25.3183"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21556660.2020.1854560"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"53","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori: prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility among Kenyans","volume":"100","author":"Kimang'a AN","year":"2010","journal-title":"South African Med J"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"396","article-title":"Comparison of five diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori","volume":"5","author":"Khalifehgholi M","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran J Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3146-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815677-3.00009-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Padr\u00e3o endosc\u00f3pico e histo\u2010patol\u00f3gico em donetes disp\u00e9pticos no Hospital Central de Maputo\u2010Mo\u00e7ambique","volume":"18","author":"Modcoicar P","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Port Gastrenterologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-008-0713-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13497"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00449-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6009602"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.15355"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2021.1975643"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3099-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55320\/mjz.46.3.561"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16566"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-021-04188-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8481375"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12050691"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-18198-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000344"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12841"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01591-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8825718"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.1.397-402.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2015.0361"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","first-page":"346","article-title":"Evaluation of frxA and rdxA gene mutations in clinical metronidazole resistance Helicobacter pylori isolates","volume":"34","author":"Somi MH","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trop Biomed"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201900774R"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkf436"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000518959"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09243-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18549\/PharmPract.2020.3.1965"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i14.1531"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2022-327745"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.539115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2014.00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-0711-9-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7705\/BIOMEDICA.V37I2.3007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176454"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-66128-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4536-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-324032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/naika.91.547"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2016.563"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmhg.2013.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.2001.2427"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S192942"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2010.3146"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0873-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1517-4"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","first-page":"135","article-title":"Pylori infection: ACG updates treatment recommendations","volume":"97","author":"Randel AH","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12857"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082410"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms4010014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/2F259457"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5430723"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12204"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky167"}],"container-title":["Helicobacter"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hel.13000","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T15:27:07Z","timestamp":1692286027000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hel.13000"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hel.13000"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hel.13000","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-4389","1523-5378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-4389","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-5378","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-02-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13000"}}