{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:46:45Z","timestamp":1791607605817,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) can evade the host's immune response and persist for a long time on the gastric mucosa. T helper (Th) cells appear to be involved in the control of\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      bacteria but promote mucosal inflammation. In contrast, regulatory T cells (Tregs) may reduce inflammation but promote\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      persistence. CC motif chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) is involved in the migration of various cells into inflamed gastric mucosa. In this study, we examined CCR6\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      Th cells and CCR6\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tregs during\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection in humans.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Isolation of cells from blood and mucosal biopsies, magnetic separation of \u0412 cells, CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      and CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CCR6\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD45RO\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cells, antigen\u2010specific activation, B cell response in vitro, flow cytometry, determination of CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD25\n                      <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                      FoxP3\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tregs and various groups of Th cells.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CCR6\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      blood lymphocytes from healthy donors included Th cells and Tregs. These CCR6\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      Th cells produced proinflammatory cytokines and also stimulated plasma cell maturation and antibody production in vitro.\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      gastritis and peptic ulcer disease were associated with an increase in the number of circulate CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CCR6\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD45RO\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      cells and the percentage of Th1, Th17 and Th1\/17 cells in this lymphocyte subgroup. In\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010positive patients, circulating CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CCR6\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      cells contained a higher proportion of\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010specific cells compared with their CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CCR6\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      counterparts.\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection strongly increased the content of CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      lymphocytes in the inflamed gastric mucosa, with the majority of these CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      lymphocytes expressing CCR6. CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CCR6\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      lymphocytes from\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n                      infected stomach included Tregs and in vivo activated T cells, some of which produced interferon\u2010\u03b3 without ex vivo stimulation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection causes an increase in the number of mature CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CCR6\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      lymphocytes in the blood, with a pro\u2010inflammatory shift in their composition and enrichment of the gastric mucosa with CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CCR6\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      lymphocytes, including CCR6\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      Th1 cells and Tregs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.13097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T08:24:04Z","timestamp":1717143844000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["CCR6\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    T helper cells and regulatory T cells in the blood and gastric mucosa during\n                    <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1993-0622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir","family":"Talayev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academician I.N. Blokhina Nizhny Novgorod Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of Rospotrebnadzor  Nizhny Novgorod Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4097-6780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Svetlova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academician I.N. Blokhina Nizhny Novgorod Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of Rospotrebnadzor  Nizhny Novgorod Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5063-3111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Zaichenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academician I.N. 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