{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:19:53Z","timestamp":1791843593781,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,17]],"date-time":"2024-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007880","name":"Johns Hopkins University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007880","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> is a bacterium that infects approximately half of the world's population, being more prevalent in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries. <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> can cause gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, mucosa\u2010associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric cancer, which is among the five most frequent cancers worldwide. Other factors such as a diet low in vegetables and high in processed red meat have been associated with gastric cancer. Here, we studied the effects of high altitude and diet on gastric disease severity in <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection in a multicenter cross\u2010sectional study in Peru (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009343). We recruited people from villages with distinct eating habits (high meat consumption, mixed, and limited meat consumption diet) in the Andes (Puno), and compared them to people living at sea level with a mixed diet (Lima). <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection prevalence was higher at high altitude than at sea level. High altitude, diet, and age showed a significant correlation with the severity of gastric disease, whereas <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and sex did not. However, high altitude was not found to be a risk factor for intestinal metaplasia, while diet and age were. At high altitude, a meat\u2010rich diet was associated with a higher incidence of metaplasia compared to a plant\u2010based diet. This study provides a comparison of communities living at high altitude with spontaneously different diets, showing that high processed red meat consumption is a risk factor for gastric disease. Further studies are needed to explain this phenomenon and its impact on the development and progression of gastric pathologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.13147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T05:45:29Z","timestamp":1731908729000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effects of High Altitude and Diet on Gastric Disease Severity in <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> Infection in Peru"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5968-1133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Requena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Bioinformatics Group in Multi\u2010Omics and Immunology  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5724-6202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Ribas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Gilman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilia","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asociacion Benefica PRISMA  Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime","family":"Cok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia  Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Barriga\u2010Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asociacion Benefica PRISMA  Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Combe\u2010Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Department INEN  Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Vargas\u2010Cardenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Department Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza  Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Seidelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Surgical Department Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg  Magdeburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine H.","family":"Miele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v8.i2.147"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00011-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i9.1521"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cCancer \u201d(2022) https:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/cancer."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1990.129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-012-0114-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16030495"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00444-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"6735","article-title":"Human Gastric Carcinogenesis: A Multistep and Multifactorial Process\u2013First American Cancer Society Award Lecture on Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention","volume":"52","author":"Correa P.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.942091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"\u201cReport on Carcinogens \u201d(2021).Program NNT. [Insert Producer] Producer. Edition."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.5.604"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2005.02102.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7869\/tg.224"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6931.750"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2009.00657.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-021-00741-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070955"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.129697"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-006-9524-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"4823","article-title":"High\u2010Salt Diet Induces Gastric Epithelial Hyperplasia and Parietal Cell Loss, and Enhances Helicobacter pylori Colonization in C57BL\/6 Mice","volume":"59","author":"Fox J. G.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041200"}],"container-title":["Helicobacter"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hel.13147","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,30]],"date-time":"2024-12-30T03:08:12Z","timestamp":1735528092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hel.13147"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hel.13147"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hel.13147","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-4389","1523-5378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-4389","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-5378","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13147"}}