{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T15:59:45Z","timestamp":1792425585071,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":42,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in children and adults differs in several aspects such as the natural history, prevalence, the clinical presentations and complications, antibiotic resistance rates, treatment options, and the success rates of treatment. Due to all the abovementioned differences, management guidelines and recommendations are different between children and adults. In parallel to the steady decrease in the rate of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    infection in the Western world in recent years, both in children and adults, antibiotic resistance rates have risen to alarming rates. The risk and benefits of eradication treatment, especially in children, must be considered when deciding \u201cto treat or not.\u201d The risks include the negative effects of antibiotics, treatment failure, and reinfection as well as the possibility of losing the \u201cprotective effect\u201d of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    on atopy, allergy, and possibly on other gastrointestinal diseases. On the other hand, there are also many benefits of eradication therapy such as prevention of gastric complication and associated non\u2010gastric complications as well as reduction of parental anxiety of nontreatment. This review summarizes the differences related to\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    in children versus adults and the risks and benefits of treatment in children.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.70063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T05:28:02Z","timestamp":1755062882000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["<scp>\n                      <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Infection in Children Versus Adults, Differences in Management Guidelines: Risks and Benefits of Treatment in Childhood"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5764-5430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matja\u017e","family":"Homan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition University Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zrinjka","family":"Mi\u0161ak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Referral Center for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb  Zagreb Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2481-1612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francis","family":"Megraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U1312 BRIC, University of Bordeaux  Bordeaux France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Kori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University Jerusalem  Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.101634"},{"issue":"8336","key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","first-page":"1273","article-title":"Unidentified Curved Bacilli on Gastric Epithelium in Active Chronic Gastritis","volume":"1","author":"Warren J. 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