{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T15:56:03Z","timestamp":1781279763883,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":49,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A lateral flow assay (LFA) incorporating several biomarkers, including pepsinogen I (PGI), pepsinogen II (PGII), Gastrin\u201017 (G\u201017), and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> IgG, enables the rapid non\u2010invasive detection of atrophic gastritis (AG). However, its diagnostic performance compared to conventional enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has not been established.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This head\u2010to\u2010head comparison study included participants from a prospective and multicenter cohort. Patients with gastric premalignant lesions underwent endoscopy, and fasting serum samples were collected for biomarker analysis using both LFA and ELISA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 204 patients were included in this study. LFA demonstrated diagnostic specificity for AG comparable to ELISA, with specificity rates of 95.74% (95% CI [85.75%\u201399.24%]) for LFA and 100.00% (95% CI [92.44%\u2013100.00%]) for ELISA (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.49). Both methods showed similar performance in detecting <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> infection, with an AUC of 0.754 (95% CI [0.616\u20130.891]) for LFA and 0.778 (95% CI [0.633\u20130.922]) for ELISA (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.70). For identifying autoimmune gastritis in corpus AG, a reduced PGI\/PGII ratio combined with elevated G\u201017 levels provided excellent discrimination, achieving an AUC of 0.926 (95% CI [0.870\u20130.926]) for LFA and 0.924 (95% CI [0.861\u20130.924]) for ELISA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The LFA assay is a feasible, rapid, and non\u2010invasive tool for assessing gastric functional mucosa. Its diagnostic performance for detecting AG is comparable to ELISA, making it a supplementary tool in point\u2010of\u2010care settings to improve the early detection of AG.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was not registered as a clinical trial, as it is based on an observational study, Progression and Regression of precancerous Gastric Lesions (PROREGAL) study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.70066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T04:10:31Z","timestamp":1755663031000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of Pepsinogen I, II, Gastrin 17 and <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> IgG in Atrophic Gastritis: A Head\u2010To\u2010Head Comparison of Lateral Flow and Enzyme\u2010Linked Immunosorbent Assays"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Luochengling","family":"Xiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4188-0118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaopei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiel C.","family":"Mommersteeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella A. V.","family":"Nieuwenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maikel P.","family":"Peppelenbosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manon C. W.","family":"Spaander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9221-4855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gwenny M.","family":"Fuhler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2016.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.06.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl\u20102018\u2010318126"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(82)90176-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a\u20102529\u20105025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2005.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12727"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12393"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10782"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","volume-title":"Contemporary Practice in Clinical Chemistry","author":"Clarke W.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/ebc20150012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222\u2010022\u201000007\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl\u20102017\u2010314498"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120\u2010020\u201001149\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478\u2010199610000\u201000001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2009.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12196152"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.15366"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14248"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003751"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2023.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl\u20102022\u2010327827"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i40.11221"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00258\u201021"}],"container-title":["Helicobacter"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hel.70066","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T04:24:25Z","timestamp":1756787065000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hel.70066"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hel.70066"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hel.70066","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-4389","1523-5378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-4389","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-5378","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70066"}}