{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T11:43:19Z","timestamp":1792496599119,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006482","name":"Clalit Health Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003975","name":"Israel Cancer Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003975","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated the association between Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) results and the risk of gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) in a matched cohort, as well as the cost\u2010effectiveness of a one\u2010time esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for individuals who tested FIT\u2010positive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We formed a cohort of individuals aged 50\u201375\u2009years who underwent FIT testing at Clalit Health in Israel from 2016 to 2019. For each person with a positive FIT result, we matched three individuals with negative results by age, gender, and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>H.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      exposure. We used adjusted hazard ratios (adjHRs) to assess the association between a positive FIT result and the risk of GEC within 36\u2009months. We calculated the incremental cost\u2010effectiveness ratio (ICER) for a one\u2010time EGD costing USD 350 in individuals who tested positive for FIT, and considered it cost\u2010effective if below USD 50,000.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study included 150,391 individuals (47.6% female, median age 62.4\u2009years). During follow\u2010up, 202 cases of GEC were recorded: 0.17% in FIT\u2010positive individuals (64\/37,709) and 0.12% in FIT\u2010negative individuals (138\/112,682), adjHR 1.39 (95% CI 1.03\u20131.87). GEC was also associated with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>H.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      exposure (adjHR 1.43, 95% CI 1.08\u20131.90) and immigration from high\u2010risk countries. A one\u2010time EGD demonstrated favorable cost\u2010effectiveness across various scenarios, with an ICER of USD 25,535\/QALY.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This matched\u2010cohort study suggests that individuals with a positive FIT may have an increased risk of GEC, comparable to that of established high\u2010risk populations. Adding a one\u2010time EGD to colonoscopy for FIT\u2010positive individuals may be a cost\u2010effective approach for healthcare systems that can accommodate such interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.70120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T04:24:34Z","timestamp":1774326274000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Association of a Positive Fecal Immunochemical Test With the Risk of Gastroesophageal Cancer: An Age\u2010Sex\u2010\n                    <i>H.\u2009Pylori<\/i>\n                    Exposure Matched Cohort Study and Cost\u2010Effectiveness Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Zohar","family":"Levi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Rabin Medical Center  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel\u2010Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4844-3308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naim","family":"Abu\u2010Freha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Soroka Medical Center  Beer Sheba Israel"},{"name":"Ben\u2010Gurion University  Beer Sheba Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3357-613X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doron","family":"Boltin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Rabin Medical Center  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel\u2010Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya Aharoni","family":"Golan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaplan Medical Center  Rehovot Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4915-111X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom","family":"Konikoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Rabin Medical Center  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel\u2010Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orly Sneh","family":"Arbib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Rabin Medical Center  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel Gingold","family":"Belfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Rabin Medical Center  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical and Health 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