{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:10:10Z","timestamp":1791216610681,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,5]],"date-time":"2020-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014718","name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81402987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81402987"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014718","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gut microbiota are involved in the pathogenesis of non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Silybin (Sil), a naturally occurring hepatoprotective agent, is widely used for treating NAFLD. Whether Sil affects gut microbiota during its actions in treating NAFLD is unknown. We aimed to examine the effect of Sil on intestinal flora dysbiosis induced by a high\u2010fat diet (HFD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>After 10\u00a0weeks of feeding normal chow diet or HFD, mice were given a daily gavage for 8\u00a0weeks. Cecal contents were harvested for study of short\u2010chain fatty acids, bile acids, and gut microbiota alteration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sil showed protective effects against dietary\u2010induced obesity and liver steatosis; accordingly, gut microbiota composition changed. At the phylum level, compared with the HFD group, mice in the Sil\u2010treated group had significantly lower levels of Firmicutes, and the ratio of Firmicutes\u2010to\u2010Bacteroidetes was lower (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). At the genus level, the Sil\u2010treated group have significantly lower levels of <jats:italic>Lachnoclostridium<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Lachnospiraceae_UCG\u2010006<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Mollicutes_RF9<\/jats:italic>, which were reported to be potentially related to diet\u2010induced obesity, and increased levels of <jats:italic>Blautia<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), <jats:italic>Akkermansia<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and <jats:italic>Bacteroides<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), which are known to have a beneficial effect on improving NAFLD. Sil also showed an inhibitory effect on well\u2010known beneficial bacteria, such as <jats:italic>Alloprevotella<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>. Furthermore, the production of acetate, propionate, and butyrate increased, whereas the generation of formate and conversion of cytotoxic secondary metabolites (lithocholic acid and deoxy\u2010cholic acid) decreased in mice treated with Sil.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sil might have beneficial effects on ameliorating NAFLD and mediating HFD\u2010induced change of gut microbiota composition, followed by major changes in secondary metabolites, such as short\u2010chain fatty acids and bile acids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.13444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]],"date-time":"2019-10-29T21:58:43Z","timestamp":1572386323000},"page":"5-14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Changes of gut microbiota during silybin\u2010mediated treatment of high\u2010fat diet\u2010induced non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Xiuxia","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilan","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renxin","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongsheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinsheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.18-3-245"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17370-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24611"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"13(3)","article-title":"Gut microbiota: novel therapeutic target for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","author":"Suk KT","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Review of Gastroenterology and 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