{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T09:54:06Z","timestamp":1768038846449,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]],"date-time":"2022-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous reports suggest that the null genotype (*0\/*0) of glutathione S\u2010transferase (GST) M1 and\/or GSTT1 could be risk factors for drug\u2010induced liver injury (DILI). However, multi\u2010institutional pharmacogenetic research with various suspected drugs has rarely been performed in Japan. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotype in the occurrence of DILI in Japanese patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blood samples of 270 DILI patients from 23 hospitals throughout Japan collected between 2010 and 2018 were subjected to genotyping of null genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 using the SmartAmp\u20102 method. We also collected information on DILI types, time to onset of DILI, pharmacological classification of suspected drugs and Digestive Disease Week\u2010Japan score, as well as genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in each patient with DILI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The distribution of a combination of null genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in Japanese patients with DILI was significantly different from that reported in the general Japanese population. Notably, the incidence of the GSTM1 null genotype in patients with DILI was significantly higher than that of the control population. A significant relationship between the frequency of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes and pharmacological classification of suspected drugs, clinical laboratory data for liver function, time to onset of DILI, and Digestive Disease Week\u2010Japan scores was not observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The GSTM1 null genotype was associated with an increased incidence of DILI in Japanese patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.13812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]],"date-time":"2022-07-14T16:35:41Z","timestamp":1657816541000},"page":"882-887","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Frequency of null genotypes of glutathione S\u2010transferase M1 and T1 in Japanese patients with drug\u2010induced liver injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Maeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmaceutics Kitasato University School of Pharmacy  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Takikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Technology Teikyo University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuhiko","family":"Aiso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Teikyo University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Tsuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic Survivors Hospital  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatehiro","family":"Kagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Tokai University School of Medicine  Isehara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Kitasato University Medical Center  Kitamoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3202-7983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ken","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Gunma University  Maebashi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shotaro","family":"Sakisaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Fukuoka University  Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4117-339X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoichi","family":"Hiasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine  Toon Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Takei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Mie University  Tsu Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiromasa","family":"Ohira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Fukushima Medical University  Fukushima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Etsuko","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Ayada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Heiannomori Memorial Hospital  Hamamatsu Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Ikegami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center  Ibaraki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriaki","family":"Arakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicinal Safety Science National Institute of Health Sciences  Kawasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Kusuhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiro","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicinal Safety Science National Institute of Health Sciences  Kawasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Sugiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Josai International University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916\u2010016\u20100553\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c00524"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.45.120403.095857"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mcp.2000.104944"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0009\u20109236(03)00014\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22370"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478\u20103231.2008.01700.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096\u2010013\u20101831\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883\u2010018\u20101013\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/14622416.8.5.435"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.13288"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.110.034652"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hepres.2005.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2133\/dmpk.dmpk\u201011\u2010rv\u2010111"}],"container-title":["Hepatology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hepr.13812","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/hepr.13812","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hepr.13812","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T22:10:29Z","timestamp":1692655829000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hepr.13812"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hepr.13812"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hepr.13812","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1386-6346","1872-034X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1386-6346","type":"print"},{"value":"1872-034X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}