{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T23:20:21Z","timestamp":1782170421176,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been reported to cause liver steatosis. Thus, eradicating HCV with direct\u2010acting antivirals (DAAs) is expected to reduce liver steatosis. We aimed to clarify long\u2010term changes in the prevalence of fatty liver and hyper\u2010low\u2010density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterolemia and their associations in patients who achieve successful HCV eradication using DAAs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study included patients with HCV who achieved sustained virologic response after interferon\u2010free DAA and analyzed the changes in the prevalence of fatty liver diagnosed with controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), hyper\u2010LDL cholesterolemia, and their relationships at baseline (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0100) and 24\u00a0weeks (SVR24, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0100), 96\u00a0weeks (SVR96, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0100), and 144\u00a0weeks (SVR144, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a090) after DAA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 100 participants, the prevalence of fatty liver (19% vs. 32%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0349) and hyper\u2010LDL cholesterolemia (6% vs. 15%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0379) significantly increased without changes in body weight at SVR96. Median total cholesterol, low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL\u2010C), and small\u2010dense\u2010LDL (sdLDL) levels and CAP values were significantly greater at SVR24, SVR96, and SVR144 than at baseline. Baseline CAP values and changes in CAP values were significantly negatively correlated at every observation point: <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.5305, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001 at SVR24; <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.3617, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0005 at SVR96; and <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.4735, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001 at SVR144. A similar relationship was observed in cholesterol levels. Unlike at baseline, CAP values were significantly positively correlated with LDL\u2010C and sdLDL\u2010C levels at all observation points after DAAs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Direct\u2010acting antivirals may cause an increased prevalence of fatty liver accompanying hyper\u2010LDL cholesterolemia without increased body weight. As post\u2010SVR liver steatosis could cause HCC, careful follow\u2010up may be required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.13899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T06:44:58Z","timestamp":1679467498000},"page":"595-606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Hepatitis C virus eradication by direct\u2010acting antivirals causes a simultaneous increase in the prevalence of fatty liver and hyper low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterolemia without an increase in body weight"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Yoshimasa","family":"Tokuchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine  Sapporo 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