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Because severe cases of liver injury require administration of corticosteroids, a comprehensive evaluation is crucial, including clinical course, blood and imaging tests, and if necessary, pathological examination through liver biopsy. As with liver injury induced by other drugs, classification of injury type by <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2010value is useful in deciding treatment strategies for ICI\u2010induced liver injury. Histologically, the\u00a0most representative feature is an acute hepatitis\u2010like hepatocellular injury, characterized by diffuse lobular inflammation accompanied by CD8\u2010positive T\u00a0lymphocytes. Another condition that can cause liver injury during ICI treatment is cholangitis accompanied by non\u2010obstructive bile duct dilatation and bile duct wall thickening. Many cases of ICI\u2010induced cholangitis are classified as non\u2010hepatocellular injury type, and they have been reported to respond poorly to corticosteroids. It is essential that gastroenterologists\/hepatologists and doctors in various departments work in cooperation to develop a system that achieves early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of ICI\u2010induced liver injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.14078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T14:06:11Z","timestamp":1718633171000},"page":"719-726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Diagnostic guide for immune checkpoint inhibitor\u2010induced liver injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Takanori","family":"Ito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nagoya University Hospital  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuto","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine Center for 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