{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T07:50:16Z","timestamp":1782287416533,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology Research"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the frequency, imaging characteristics, associated factors, and clinical significance of biliary abnormalities on imaging in patients receiving lenvatinib (LEN) plus cisplatin hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective single\u2010center study included 62 patients with HCC treated with LEN\u00a0+\u00a0Cisplatin HAIC. Three radiologists reviewed dynamic contrast\u2010enhanced CT and gadoxetic acid\u2010enhanced MRI to identify biliary findings. The incidence, associated factors, and clinical courses were examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixty\u2010two patients with HCC underwent 295 CT and 59 MRI examinations during a median follow\u2010up of 21\u00a0weeks. Biliary abnormalities were observed in 58.1% (36\/62) of patients at a median of 6\u00a0weeks after treatment initiation. Hilar bile duct wall thickening occurred in 24.2% (15\/62), hilar bile duct stricture in 14.5% (9\/62), biloma in 1.6% (1\/62), and gallbladder wall thickening in 35.5% (22\/62). Initial treatment response per mRECIST was associated with biliary abnormalities (adjusted odds ratio: 5.19,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.011). Symptoms developed in 22.2% (8\/36) of patients with imaged biliary abnormalities. Symptom occurrence varied by imaging patterns: all 15 patients with bile duct wall thickening remained asymptomatic, whereas 40% (4\/10) of those with bile duct stricture or biloma developed jaundice or cholangitis, requiring biliary interventions in three patients. Cholecystitis occurred in 18.2% (4\/22) of patients with gallbladder wall thickening.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A substantial proportion of patients treated with LEN\u00a0+\u00a0Cisplatin HAIC developed biliary abnormalities on imaging, particularly those with an initial treatment response. Most abnormalities were asymptomatic; however, bile duct stricture may represent a crucial imaging finding even in the absence of symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.70228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T07:40:15Z","timestamp":1782286815000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biliary Abnormality on Imaging During Lenvatinib Plus Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy With Cisplatin for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Pilot Descriptive Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8428-4180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirohito","family":"Osanai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences  Kanazawa Ishikawa 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