{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T21:36:14Z","timestamp":1771882574268,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]],"date-time":"2017-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Expectations"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current trend of withdrawal of donor support for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIDS<\/jats:styled-content> treatment in Nigeria may require that the cost of antiretroviral drugs be borne in part by infected people and their families.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was conducted to determine the economic value for free antiretroviral drugs (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARV<\/jats:styled-content>s) expressed by clients receiving treatment for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIDS<\/jats:styled-content> in a tertiary hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study method<\/jats:title><jats:p>The contingent valuation method was used to elicit the values attached to free <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARV<\/jats:styled-content>s from people living with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIDS<\/jats:styled-content> that were receiving care in a public tertiary hospital in south\u2010east Nigeria. Exit poll using a pre\u2010tested questionnaire was undertaken with adult clients on treatment. The bidding game technique was used to elicit their willingness to pay (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WTP<\/jats:styled-content>) for ARVs for themselves and members of their households. Ordinary least squares (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLS<\/jats:styled-content>) multiple regression analysis was used to test the construct validity of elicited <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WTP<\/jats:styled-content> amounts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>About a third of the respondents were willing to pay for a monthly supply of ARVs for themselves and household members. The mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WTP<\/jats:styled-content> for monthly supply of ARVs for self was <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>$15.32 and for household member was <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>$15.26 (1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>$=\u20a6160). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLS<\/jats:styled-content> regression analysis showed that employment status and higher socio\u2010economic status were positively associated with higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WTP<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLS<\/jats:styled-content> showed that age and transport cost per clinic visit were negatively related to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WTP<\/jats:styled-content>. Knowing the risks of not adhering to treatment protocol was positively related to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WTP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The respondents positively valued the free <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARV<\/jats:styled-content>s. This calls for greater financial support for the sustainable provision of the treatment service. However, holistic financing mechanisms should be explored to ensure sustained funding in the event of complete withdrawal of donor support.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.12612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]],"date-time":"2017-08-14T15:46:38Z","timestamp":1502725598000},"page":"270-278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Willingness to pay for antiretroviral drugs among <scp>HIV<\/scp> and <scp>AIDS<\/scp> clients in south\u2010east Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3936-6184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chinyere","family":"Mbachu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Policy Research Group Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus  Enugu Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Community Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus  Enugu Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chijioke","family":"Okoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Policy Research Group Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus  Enugu Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Health Administration and Management College of Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus  Enugu Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Obinna","family":"Onwujekwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Policy Research Group Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus  Enugu Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Health Administration and Management College of Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus  Enugu Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Enabulele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Sciences Ebonyi state University  Abakaliki Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Overview: HIV\/AIDS","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"331","volume-title":"Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries","author":"Bertozzi S","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"The cost of antiretroviral treatment service for patients with HIV\/AIDS in a central outpatient clinic in Vietnam","volume":"6","author":"Nguyen LT","year":"2014","journal-title":"ClinicoEcon Outcomes Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.5539\/gjhs.v4n3p108","article-title":"Factors associated with the household income of persons living with HIV\/AIDS in China","volume":"4","author":"Zhang X","year":"2012","journal-title":"Glob J Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"245","article-title":"The effects of HIV\/AIDS scourge on production and income among rural households in Adamawa State of Nigeria","volume":"4","author":"Iya IB","year":"2012","journal-title":"Glob J Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60702-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69158-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2011.02836.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hpm.2166"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"National Primary Health Care Development Agency.Report of the expert group on revitalization of primary health care in Nigeria. 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