{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T23:47:32Z","timestamp":1790207252014,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]],"date-time":"2020-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003466","name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Pump priming\u00a0research fund"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Pump priming\u00a0research fund"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003466","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Expectations"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Service user and carer perspectives on safety issues in mental health services are not well known and may be important in preventing and reducing harm. The development of the Yorkshire Contributory Factors Framework\u2014Mental Health\u00a0(YCFF\u2010MH) provides a broad structure within which to explore these perspectives.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore what service users of mental health services and their carers consider to be safety issues.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design, setting and participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Qualitative interviews with 13 service users and 7 carers in the UK. Participants were asked about their experiences and perceptions of safety within mental health services. Perceived safety issues were identified using framework analysis, guided by the YCFF\u2010MH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Service users and carers identified a broad range of safety issues. These were categorized under \u2018safety culture\u2019 and included psychological concepts of safety and raising concerns; \u2018social environment\u2019 involved threatened violence and sexual abuse; \u2018individual service user and staff factors\u2019 dominated by not being listened to; \u2018management of staff and staffing levels\u2019 resulting in poor continuity of care; and \u2018service process\u2019 typified by difficulty accessing services during a crisis. Several examples of \u2018active failures\u2019 were also\u00a0described.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Safety issues appear broader than those recorded and reported by health services and inspectorates. Many safety issues have also been identified in other care settings supporting the notion that there are overlaps between service users and carers\u2019 perspectives of safety in mental health services and those of users in other settings. Areas for further research are suggested.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]],"date-time":"2020-02-11T16:40:26Z","timestamp":1581439226000},"page":"549-561","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["A qualitative exploration of mental health service user and carer perspectives on safety issues in UK mental health services"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5002-5212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn","family":"Berzins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Healthcare University of Leeds Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Healthcare University of Leeds Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6946-3693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma","family":"Louch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Yorkshire and Humber Patient Safety Translational Research Centre Bradford Royal Infirmary Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail","family":"Albutt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Yorkshire and Humber Patient Safety Translational Research Centre Bradford Royal Infirmary Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"World Alliance for Patient Safety Progress Report 2006\u20132007","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"Evidence Scan: Levels of Harm","author":"The Health Foundation","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.12342"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2015-004049"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020870"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.bp.116.055327"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2018.0718"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2015-004260"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2011-000213"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","volume-title":"The Role of the Patient in Clinical Safety","author":"Lawton R","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1355819617727563"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2016-005570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-027327"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-3455-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-021361"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","volume-title":"The State of Care in Mental Health Services 2014 to 2017","author":"Care Quality Commission","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","volume-title":"Sexual Safety of Mental Health Wards","author":"Care Quality Commission","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","volume-title":"Mental Health Crisis Care: Physical Restraint in Crisis","author":"Mind","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","unstructured":"BerzinsKM LouchG AlbuttA BakerJ.Recorded incidents in UK acute mental health wards: A retrospective descriptive analysis. Poster presented at: Improving Patient Safety: New Perspectives New Horizons Leeds UK."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.12432"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.12805"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","volume-title":"What People Have Told Us About Mental Health","author":"Healthwatch England","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","volume-title":"Maintaining Momentum: Driving Improvements in Mental Healthcare","author":"Parliamentary and Health Services Ombudsman","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2011-000443"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7237.768"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","first-page":"187","volume-title":"Analyzing Qualitative Data","author":"Ritchie J","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-13-117"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","volume-title":"NVivo Qualitative Data Analysis Software","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732316665344"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.56.9.1123"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"From psychiatric abuse to psychiatric neglect?","volume":"23","author":"Spandler H","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asylum Magazine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/MHRJ-01-2017-0011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/MHRJ-09-2017-0041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KaurM DeBoerRJ OatesA RaffertyJ DekkerS.Restorative Just Culture: A Study of the Practical and Economic Effects of Implementing Restorative Justice in an NHS Trust. In MATEC Web of Conferences2019; 273:01007. EDP Sciences.","DOI":"10.1051\/matecconf\/201927301007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","article-title":"Can Mandela's model for restorative justice work in healthcare?","author":"Roddis M","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Serv J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","unstructured":"Undercover hospital abuse scandal[Television boradcast]. Plomin J. director.London:BBC; May 22 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","unstructured":"Undercover care: the abuse exposed[Television]. Chapman M. director.London:BBC; May 31 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0590-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmw046"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.12474"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","volume-title":"Listening to Experience: An Independent Inquiry into Acute and Crisis Mental Healthcare","author":"Mind","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja14.00193"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2015-004268"}],"container-title":["Health Expectations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fhex.13025","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hex.13025","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/hex.13025","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hex.13025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T01:28:42Z","timestamp":1693963722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hex.13025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hex.13025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hex.13025","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1369-6513","1369-7625"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1369-6513","type":"print"},{"value":"1369-7625","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-06-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-02-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}