{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:31:23Z","timestamp":1792290683773,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014338","name":"National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care Yorkshire and Humber","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR200166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR200166"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/S037527\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/S037527\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000724","name":"Health Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2301201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2301201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000724","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WT101597MA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT101597MA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Expectations"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>COVID\u201019 vaccines can offer a route out of the pandemic, yet initial research suggests that many are unwilling to be vaccinated. A rise in the spread of misinformation is thought to have played a significant role in vaccine hesitancy. To maximize uptake, it is important to understand why misinformation has been able to take hold at this time and why it may pose a more significant problem within certain contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To understand people's COVID\u201019 beliefs, their interactions with (mis)information during COVID\u201019 and attitudes towards a COVID\u201019 vaccine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design and Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bradford, UK, was chosen as the study site to provide evidence to local decision makers. In\u2010depth phone interviews were carried out with 20 people from different ethnic groups and areas of Bradford during Autumn 2020. Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants discussed a wide range of COVID\u201019 misinformation they had encountered, resulting in confusion, distress and mistrust. Vaccine hesitancy could be attributed to three prominent factors: safety concerns, negative stories and personal knowledge. The more confused, distressed and mistrusting participants felt about their social worlds during the pandemic, the less positive they were about a vaccine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>COVID\u201019 vaccine hesitancy needs to be understood in the context of the relationship between the spread of misinformation and associated emotional reactions. Vaccine programmes should provide a focused, localized and empathetic response to counter misinformation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A rapid community and stakeholder engagement process was undertaken to identify COVID\u201019 priority topics important to Bradford citizens and decision makers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T08:24:32Z","timestamp":1620116672000},"page":"1158-1167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":205,"title":["Understanding COVID\u201019 misinformation and vaccine hesitancy in context: Findings from a qualitative study involving citizens in Bradford, UK"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2195-5549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bridget","family":"Lockyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Bradford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahid","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Bradford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aamnah","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Bradford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josie","family":"Dickerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Bradford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Pickett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of York York UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevor","family":"Sheldon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Population Health Sciences Queen Mary University London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Bradford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosemary","family":"McEachan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Bradford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Sheard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of York York UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Bradford Institute for Health Research Covid\u201019 Scientific Advisory Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599\u2010019\u20100279\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jarmac.2017.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010publhealth\u2010040119\u2010094127"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.201199"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12788\/jhm.3474"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2020.1825945"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/25741292.2020.1837466"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/20477"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461\u2010020\u201002925\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa815"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","unstructured":"University College London.Trust in government and others during the COVID\u201019 pandemic.2020.https:\/\/cls.ucl.ac.uk\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Trust\u2010in\u2010government\u2010and\u2010others\u2010during\u2010the\u2010COVID\u201019\u2010pandemic\u2010%E2%80%93\u2010initial\u2010findings\u2010from\u2010COVID\u201019\u2010survey.pdf. 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