{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T18:05:07Z","timestamp":1791050707416,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]],"date-time":"2023-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R36HS027537"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R36HS027537"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Expectations"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deaf and hard\u2010of\u2010hearing (DHH) patients are a priority population for emergency medicine health services research. DHH patients are at higher risk than non\u2010DHH patients of using the emergency department (ED), have longer lengths of stay in the ED and report poor patient\u2013provider communication. This qualitative study aimed to describe ED care\u2010seeking and patient\u2010centred care perspectives among DHH patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This qualitative study is the second phase of a mixed\u2010methods study. The goal of this study was to further explain quantitative findings related to ED outcomes among DHH and non\u2010DHH patients. We conducted semistructured interviews with 4 DHH American Sign Language\u00a0(ASL)\u2010users and 6 DHH English speakers from North Central Florida. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using a descriptive qualitative approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two themes were developed: (1) DHH patients engage in a complex decision\u2010making process to determine ED utilization and (2) patient\u2010centred ED care differs between DHH ASL\u2010users and DHH English speakers. The first theme describes the social\u2010behavioural processes through which DHH patients assess their need to use the ED. The second theme focuses on the social environment within the ED: patients feeling stereotyped, involvement in the care process, pain communication, receipt of accommodations and discharge processes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study underscores the importance of better understanding, and intervening in, DHH patient ED care\u2010seeking and care delivery to improve patient outcomes. Like other studies, this study also finds that DHH patients are not a monolithic group and language status is an equity\u2010relevant indicator. We also discuss recommendations for emergency medicine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study convened a community advisory group made up of four DHH people to assist in developing research questions, data collection tools\u00a0and validation of the analysis and interpretation of data. Community advisory group members who were interested in co\u2010authorship are listed in the byline, with others in the acknowledgements. In addition, several academic\u2010based co\u2010authors are also deaf or hard of hearing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]],"date-time":"2023-08-09T05:54:47Z","timestamp":1691560487000},"page":"2374-2386","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Emergency department patient\u2010centred care perspectives from deaf and hard\u2010of\u2010hearing patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0694-4702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tyler G.","family":"James","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Education and Behavior University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meagan K.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5561-9885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael M.","family":"McKee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1251-4469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason","family":"Rotoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Maruca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unaffiliated Researcher  Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosemarie","family":"Stachowiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unaffiliated Researcher  Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JeeWon","family":"Cheong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Education and Behavior University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2356-8761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia R.","family":"Varnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, Management, and Policy University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enq003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Language Deprivation and Deaf Mental Health","author":"Glickman NS","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sltb.12595"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2011.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549211026782"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enr015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10882-016-9501-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980017002865"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2020.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182412901"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.14.1522"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.506"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glr002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0202169"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2022.00408"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","unstructured":"Sunderland v. 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