{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T21:38:25Z","timestamp":1782423505369,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000016","name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Expectations"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant and parenting women have low engagement and poor retention in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. The aim of this study was to analyse the implementation of an adapted experience\u2010based codesign (EBCD) process involving SUD treatment staff and pregnant or parenting women with lived experience (WWLE) of SUD to launch a residential treatment service where women could coreside with their children and receive long term comprehensive treatment for dual diagnosis of SUD and mental illness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A process evaluation was conducted utilising five data sources: two sets of semistructured interviews with WWLE and SUD treatment staff, ethnographic observation and transcripts from group events, and meeting minutes. Based on the Integrated Promoting Action on Research in Health Services framework constructs (context, recipients, facilitation, innovation) researchers applied thematic analysis to determine main themes within each construct.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The full sample across the implementation totalled 34 individuals (WWLE\u2009=\u200913 and SUD staff\u2009=\u200921). The EBCD process engaged both cohorts and supported group cohesion and collaborative brainstorming. WWLE felt respected, emotionally safe to share, and empowered by participation. A cohesive, multidisciplinary codesign planning group, inclusive of WWLE, supported a more equitable codesign process. The need for a virtual platform due to the COVID\u201019 pandemic impeded human connection and relationship building. The complex environment of residential regulations and uncertainties during start\u2010up phase of an organisation presented implementation challenges.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results highlight the feasibility of, and challenges to, effectively engaging WWLE in a codesign process. The findings also demonstrated a positive influence on WWLE's feelings of empowerment. Identified themes reinforce the purposeful components within EBCD that enhance participation, along with new insights to inform successful codesign with a vulnerable population. The author's team included a WWLE who collaborated throughout the full scope of the research process, enriching the overall research and ensuring the authenticity of the presentation of women in recovery's perspective. Utilising the codesign approach to design and implement new services should improve health equity by enhancing patient engagement and retention in care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patient Contribution<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parenting WWLE of residential SUD treatment were involved in the full scope of the research process and the implementation being evaluated. For the actual codesign work WWLE were key members of the codesign planning team that met weekly throughout the implementation to plan, implement, problem solve and adapt the process over an 18 month timeframe. As is appropriate for codesign the actual ongoing workgroup participants had average 50% WWLE participation. For the research team, this research is a culmination of the lead author's doctoral dissertation. One member of the five\u2010person dissertation committee was a recovery coach and a WWLE. She was an active participant across the entire research process overseeing and influencing the research design, conduct of the study, analysis, interpretation of findings and approval of the final manuscript. The findings were member checked with the larger codesign planning group that had additional WWLE members.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T03:19:37Z","timestamp":1698981577000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["\u2018It opened my eyes, my ears, and my heart\u2019: Codesigning a substance use disorder treatment programme"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5567-8909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Bosak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Health Services Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon New Hampshire USA"},{"name":"Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine Lebanon New Hampshire USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari\u2010Lynn","family":"Drainoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases Boston University Aram V. Chobanian &amp; Edward Avedisian School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Law Policy and Management Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheri","family":"Bryer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon New Hampshire USA"},{"name":"Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine Lebanon New Hampshire USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisy","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon New Hampshire USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Law Policy and Management Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Messersmith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugene","family":"Declercq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Health Services Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) 2017 Admissions to and Discharges from Publicly\u2010Funded Substance Use Treatment","author":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Women","author":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"National Institute on Drug Abuse. Substance Use in Women Research Report: Summary.2021. Accessed May 10 2022.https:\/\/nida.nih.gov\/publications\/research-reports\/substance-use-in-women\/summary"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00674"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2009.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2324-9005.1000106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6731a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-020-02904-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108261"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40352-015-0015-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2015-004315"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","volume-title":"Engaging Patients in Healthcare","author":"Coulter A","year":"2011"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"227","article-title":"Experience\u2010based co\u2010design and healthcare improvement: realizing participatory design in the public sector","volume":"18","author":"Donetto S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Des J"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-020-0253-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2015-004839"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","volume-title":"Key Ingredients for Successful Trauma\u2010Informed Care Implementation","author":"Christopher Menschner & Alexandra Maul","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","volume-title":"SAMHSA's Concept of Trauma and Guidance for a Trauma\u2010Informed Approach (HHS Publication No. (SMA) 14\u20104884)","author":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13233"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1609406916672216"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","unstructured":"SlayJ StephensL. Co\u2010production in mental health: A literature review New Economics Foundation. Policy File.2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15560350903543915"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/phr01040"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2019-009570"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.35680\/2372-0247.1104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.13940"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-020-4935-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-020-05354-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-016-0398-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800419843950"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","volume-title":"Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches","author":"Bernard HR","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43058-021-00163-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108731"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-021-07246-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2158244018809220"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315576494"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JSTP-02-2016-0036"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13063"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","first-page":"168","article-title":"A framework linking community empowerment and health equity: it is a matter of CHOICE","volume":"21","author":"Rifkin SB","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.19"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","first-page":"86","article-title":"Experience\u2010based co\u2010design: tackling common challenges","volume":"3","author":"Dimopoulos\u2010Bick T","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Health Des"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12954-019-0300-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15710882.2013.846384"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Article commentary: prenatal substance use: exploring assumptions of maternal unfitness","volume":"9","author":"Terplan M","year":"2015","journal-title":"Subst Abuse"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-36498-4"}],"container-title":["Health Expectations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hex.13908","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T12:10:52Z","timestamp":1755951052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hex.13908"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hex.13908"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hex.13908","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1369-6513","1369-7625"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1369-6513","type":"print"},{"value":"1369-7625","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13908"}}