{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T19:03:54Z","timestamp":1792523034120,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]],"date-time":"2025-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Expectations"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Low physical activity and poor dietary quality can negatively influence Covid\u201019 recovery and increase the risk and duration of post\u2010Covid\u201019 condition (PCC). This proof\u2010of\u2010concept nested intervention study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a digital personalised combined lifestyle intervention (CLI) in patients with PCC using a mixed\u2010methods design, assessing compliance, experiences and perceived effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A nested intervention study, incorporating motivational interviewing aiming to enhance physical activity and dietary quality, was conducted within a multicentre prospective cohort study including 95 post\u2010Covid\u201019 patients (aged 40\u201360) between May 2021 and September 2022. Patients in the intervention and control groups were followed at \u00b13\u20136 and \u00b112\u201315\u2009months post Covid\u201019. The intervention consisted of nine monthly individual counselling sessions (30\u2009min), two interactive\u2010group sessions (60\u2009min), and three educative webinars (45\u2009min). Additionally, a nutritional supplement (NS; Remune, Smartfish, Oslo, Norway) high in omega\u20103 fatty acids, vitamin D and protein was provided to facilitate recovery. After the intervention, a process evaluation was conducted, comprising an evaluation questionnaire and semi\u2010structured in\u2010depth interviews.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The intervention\u2010to\u2010treat group consisted of 47 patients (age 54.7\u2009\u00b1\u20096.0\u2009years; 40% males; BMI 30.6\u2009\u00b1\u20095.8\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) of whom 74% had \u2265\u20098 individual sessions via telephone (66%) or video call (34%). Over half of the group (55%) attended the educative webinars, while attendance was lower in the interactive\u2010group sessions, with 32% attending one session and 15% two sessions. The process evaluation indicated that patients were satisfied with the digital coaching and the frequency, duration and content of the sessions. Half of the patients reported perceived improvements in physical activity levels and dietary quality throughout the intervention, with the majority also reporting sustainment of these lifestyle changes post\u2010intervention.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A digital personalised CLI was well\u2010received among patients with PCC regarding compliance, experiences and perceived effectiveness. These findings will guide the development and implementation of tailored interventions to enhance overall well\u2010being among patients with PCC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients' experiences regarding the design and implementation of the study were retrieved. Although participants were not directly involved in the initial design of the study, their experiences were actively incorporated into the refinement and implementation of the study procedures, thereby ensuring meaningful patient involvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.70299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T02:40:53Z","timestamp":1748227253000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Mixed\u2010Methods Study Exploring the Feasibility of a Digital Combined Lifestyle Intervention for Patients With Post Covid\u201019 Condition"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3333-7492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debbie","family":"Gach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte D. C.","family":"Born","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisanne L. T.","family":"Schuurman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frits H. M.","family":"van Osch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology VieCuri Medical Centre Venlo the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, GROW, Research Institute for Oncology and Reproduction Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joop P.","family":"van den Bergh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine VieCuri Medical Centre Venlo the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanne M. P. L.","family":"Gerards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rik","family":"Crutzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI, Care and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemie M. W. J.","family":"Schols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosanne J. H. C. G.","family":"Beijers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the P4O2 Consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01214-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00703-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01640-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab759"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2022.6555"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2023.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-047632"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19095093"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15040866"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14061305"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-23-113"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1207237"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2023.1305175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S111135"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327965PLI1104_01"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","volume-title":"Motivational Interviewing: Helping People Change","author":"Miller W. R.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2021-217382"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1149922"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0271802"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2022.877188"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/49342"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/atm.atm_543_21"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2021\/e2804"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/14799731211015691"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10235623"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11020187"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13071060"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-5010-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15040680"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","volume-title":"The Descriptive Phenomenological Method in Psychology","author":"Giorgi A.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00373-2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-078740"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2022.2159075"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/14799731221114266"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13879"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0277106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","unstructured":"N.England. Commissioning Guidance for Post\u2010COVID Services for Adults Children and Young People 2024 https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/long-read\/commissioning-guidance-for-post-covid-services-for-adults-children-and-young-people\/#principles-of-care-for-long-covid."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926-022-10075-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(24)00214-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1138389"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","volume-title":"Clinical Management of COVID\u201019","author":"WHO","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","volume-title":"Learning Theories: Understanding How People Learn","author":"Saunders M.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2022-001237"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13993"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16101515"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12161"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2017.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19148687"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2024.101853"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2019.1634746"}],"container-title":["Health Expectations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/hex.70299","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T09:44:39Z","timestamp":1763113479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/hex.70299"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/hex.70299"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hex.70299","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1369-6513","1369-7625"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1369-6513","type":"print"},{"value":"1369-7625","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70299"}}