{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T02:43:52Z","timestamp":1790131432043,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Expectations"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Community Advisory Boards (CABs) represent a critical methodological approach to center research on the experiences of patients and families and minimise power inequities between \u2018researcher\u2019 and \u2018subject\u2019. This approach can be especially important to inform work related to structural racism and racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare. Herein, we report the value and challenges of integrating CABs into ongoing research on structural racism and racial and ethnic disparities in care for adults with end\u2010stage kidney disease as well as strategies to maximise impact.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CABs were assembled to inform a large mixed\u2010methods research project focused on the impact of structural racism on end\u2010stage kidney disease. Qualitative data derived from CAB deliberation were analysed with constructivist grounded theory and used to contextualise research findings and evaluate intervention points.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two CABs included 21 adults with kidney disease, caregivers and community members in Pittsburgh and Baltimore. CAB member reflections on research presentations were collected, collated and integrated into ongoing research at multiple stages of development. Further, the members were engaged in the iterative development of the CAB structure itself\u2014including format of meetings from semiannual gatherings to more frequent ad hoc combined meetings\u2014based on member feedback.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our experience identifies opportunities to facilitate a critical shift in the role of patients and community members as study participants to become collaborators in health research and practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CAB affiliates, who are members of the end\u2010stage kidney disease community, can provide feedback on analyses, suggest and drive lines of inquiry, and contribute to methodological changes including suggesting more frequent meetings. They are collaborators rather than study subjects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.70406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T08:12:56Z","timestamp":1756282376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Development and Integration of Community Advisory Boards to Inform Research on the Impact of Structural Racism on Racial\/Ethnic Disparities in End\u2010Stage Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4612-2292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Corradi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology Georgia Southern University  Statesboro Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grecia B. V.","family":"Mel\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy &amp; Management Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8661-7911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanjala S.","family":"Purnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy &amp; Management Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology and Surgery Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8537-1913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selena E.","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy the Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9174-8038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine R.","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and the Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Nephrology Section, Hospital and Specialty Medicine, and Seattle\u2010Denver Health Services Research and Development Center of Innovation Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3364-4518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Daw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology &amp; Criminology the Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18865\/ed.30.3.381"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2016.0158"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.19.1.173"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18865\/ed.26.3.369"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40271-016-0162-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","volume-title":"Nothing About Us Without Us: Disability Oppression and Empowerment [Internet]","author":"Charlton J.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800410364610"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(99)70397-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0894-0959.2004.17300.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40472-021-00338-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.0000000000000565"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.19152"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.8184"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2020.05.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07780812"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.15003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2010.03206.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2017.0005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00221465231222924"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2021.01394"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abj7779"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-015-0016-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-017-0378-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.13978"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2020.100564"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMms2025396"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2332649215626936"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/cpr.2016.0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/resprot.3838"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40472-019-00244-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","article-title":"Community Advisory Boards in Community\u2010Based Participatory Research: A Synthesis of Best Processes","volume":"8","author":"Newman S. 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