{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T07:07:11Z","timestamp":1789024031973,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#PAO\u2010169411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#PAO\u2010169411"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Expectations"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient and public involvement (PPI) is recognized as essential for scaling interventions in health and social services, but there are few guidelines to support it. We sought consensus on strategies for involving patients and the public in scaling in an equitable and meaningful way.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a participatory consensus study inspired by Delphi techniques. We used as a starting point 23 PPI strategies for scaling (on the involvement continuum, from providing information to full co\u2010production) as identified in a 2024 scoping review. First, we established a steering committee, intended to include\u00a0patient or public representatives, to validate the relevance of the 23 strategies for inclusion in an online survey consensus process to confirm their applicability to PPI. Second, researchers, health professionals, policymakers, and patient or public representatives completed the online survey to assess the validated strategies against four evaluation criteria: equity, comprehensiveness, adaptability and significance. We used the DELPHISTAR checklist to report results and the GRIPP2 framework to report PPI in the study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All 23 PPI strategies were found relevant by the steering committee and proceeded to the 2\u2010round consensus process to evaluate 92 items (23 strategies x 4 criteria). By April, 2025, 14 participants had completed the first round and nine had also completed the second. Participants included patient and public representatives (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095), researchers (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096), health professionals (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093) and policymakers (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092) mostly based in Canada (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200910). Of 23 PPI strategies assessed, 19 achieved consensus on at least one of the four criteria. Three strategies (Service users' needs assessment, Organizational advisory groups and Co\u2010leadership in quality and safety improvement) achieved consensus across all criteria, while four strategies did not reach consensus on any. Co\u2010leadership in quality and safety improvement (88.3%), Co\u2010leadership in policymaking (87.3%) and Service users' needs assessment (87.3%) achieved the highest global scores. Consensus was reached on 44\/92 items, most frequently for equity. These strategies were primarily situated in the organization of health and social care and the co\u2010production level of the involvement continuum.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The strategies prioritized by stakeholders were not necessarily the ones most frequently discussed in the literature. We recommend systematically involving patient and public representatives throughout scaling, including when choosing PPI strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A patient instructor was involved in the steering committee, sharing decisions on study design, data collection instruments and dissemination of findings. Patient and public representatives also took part in the consensus process, and their feedback was considered equal to that of the other experts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.70850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T06:39:48Z","timestamp":1789022388000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Equitable Patient and Public Involvement Strategies for Scaling Health and Social Care Interventions: A Consensus Study Inspired by Delphi Methods"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4778-1890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"de Carvalho Cor\u00f4a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 Laval Quebec Canada"},{"name":"VITAM \u2013 Centre de recherche en sant\u00e9 durable Centre int\u00e9gr\u00e9 universitaire de sant\u00e9 et services sociaux de la Capitale\u2010Nationale Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Odilon Quentin","family":"Assan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VITAM \u2013 Centre de recherche en sant\u00e9 durable Centre int\u00e9gr\u00e9 universitaire de sant\u00e9 et services sociaux de la Capitale\u2010Nationale Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de soutien au syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 apprenant Qu\u00e9bec Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Ben Charif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CubecXpert Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5988-0442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Am\u00e9d\u00e9","family":"Gogovor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 Laval Quebec Canada"},{"name":"VITAM \u2013 Centre de recherche en sant\u00e9 durable Centre int\u00e9gr\u00e9 universitaire de sant\u00e9 et services sociaux de la Capitale\u2010Nationale Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2242-4560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathy","family":"Kastner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Best Endings Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"K. 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McLean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Development Research Centre Ottawa Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Milat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Sydney Sydney Australia"},{"name":"New South Wales Agency for Clinical Innovation St. Leonards Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2296-6696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"France","family":"L\u00e9gar\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 Laval Quebec Canada"},{"name":"VITAM \u2013 Centre de recherche en sant\u00e9 durable Centre int\u00e9gr\u00e9 universitaire de sant\u00e9 et services sociaux de la Capitale\u2010Nationale Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de soutien au syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 apprenant Qu\u00e9bec Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"The RePOS","family":"Network","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New South Wales Agency for Clinical Innovation St. Leonards Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0009.12649","article-title":"Evidence on Scaling in Health and Social Care: An Umbrella Review","volume":"101","author":"Coroa R. 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