{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:40:22Z","timestamp":1790746822334,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]],"date-time":"2013-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Morphological complexity hampers the histological classification of thymomas. Our aim was to determine whether the use of novel differentiation and maturation markers of cortical and medullary thymic epithelial cells (c\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s and m\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s) might provide an approach to understanding the underlying biology of these tumours.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifty\u2010seven thymomas were studied by immunohistochemistry. The cortical markers used were\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      5\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      16, and cathepsin V. The medullary markers used were CD40, claudin\u20104,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIRE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , and desmin. Involucrin and cytokeratin 10 were used to study terminal\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mTEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      maturation. Irrespective of histological subtype, most thymomas contained distinct areas with cortical and medullary differentiation. Type B1, type B2 and type AB thymomas showed marked bi\u2010lineage differentiation, with lack of terminal m\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      maturation in type AB. Type AB thymomas were unique in showing areas where cells with either cortical or medullary differentiation were intimately \u2018mixed\u2019 at the single\u2010cell level. Type B3 and type A thymomas showed only abortive lineage differentiation and maturation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thymomas show highly characteristic patterns of bi\u2010lineage\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      differentiation that reflect the histological subtypes recognized by the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      classification. We hypothesize that thymomas arise from thymic precursor cells with different cortical and\/or medullary maturation defects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.12279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,7]],"date-time":"2013-09-07T11:51:25Z","timestamp":1378554685000},"page":"557-566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Corticomedullary differentiation and maturational arrest in thymomas"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Philipp","family":"Str\u00f6bel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology University Medical Centre G\u00f6ttingen University of G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology University of W\u00fcrzburg W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Rosenwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology University of W\u00fcrzburg W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Kalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology Robert Bosch Krankenhaus Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"German","family":"Ott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology Robert Bosch Krankenhaus Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Godehard","family":"Friedel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery Schillerh\u00f6he Robert Bosch Krankenhaus Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berthold","family":"Schalke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Kasahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Hokkaido University School of Medicine Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Utano","family":"Tomaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Hokkaido University School of Medicine Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Marx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology University Medical Centre Mannheim University of Heidelberg Mannheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V100.1.159"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"145","volume-title":"World Health Organization classification of tumours. 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