{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T17:26:29Z","timestamp":1776273989224,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]],"date-time":"2015-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The nail mesenchyme, as ligamentous connective tissue, is classically described as a single compartment. Some authors have even suggested the concept of the nail as a musculoskeletal appendage. Recent studies conducted on supernumerary digits surgically removed for polydactyly or on the developing nail organ have introduced into the literature a new concept: the onychodermis and its onychofibroblasts that are <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>10\u2010positive\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>34\u2010negative. The aim of this study was to explore the nail mesenchyme more comprehensively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A series of 10 normal adult nail units were examined with a combination of morphological and immunohistochemical analysis. This study demonstrates that the nail mesenchyme has two distinct compartments, with a complex microanatomy of matrical dermis and its hypoderm. The matrical dermis is a relatively independent substructure, and comprises two parts: a thin papillary dermis, and a relatively thick reticular dermis. The matrical hypoderm corresponds to a cushion\u2010like layer of adipose tissue, which distally intermingles with an area of loose connective tissue. The nail bed dermis comprises a single, relatively homogeneous compartment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The matrical nail mesenchyme is a modified dermis. The concept of onychodermis is not applicable in the normal adult nail. Underrecognized non\u2010pathological structures may pose diagnostic problems. The chameleon matrical hypoderm is one such structure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.12608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,11]],"date-time":"2014-11-11T14:01:45Z","timestamp":1415714505000},"page":"864-872","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The nail dermis: from microanatomy to constitutive modelling"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Christophe","family":"Perrin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Central d'Anatomie Pathologique H\u00f4pital L. Pasteur University of Nice Nice France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"12","volume-title":"Nail: therapy, diagnosis, surgery","author":"Gonzalez\u2010Serva A","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Nail surgery: a text and atlas","author":"Morgan AM","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19801101)46:9<2074::AID-CNCR2820460928>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-0960.2001.00486.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e318073c600"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2010.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000182250"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2005.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e3181f45611"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2012.04210.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-199710000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06108.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e318158d741"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e31816a9d31"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e31826b74b8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e318293f387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03363.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03364.x"}],"container-title":["Histopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fhis.12608","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/his.12608","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T17:59:00Z","timestamp":1696355940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/his.12608"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/his.12608"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/his.12608","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0309-0167","1365-2559"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0309-0167","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2559","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-09-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-11-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-01-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}