{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:22:37Z","timestamp":1792801357959,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,19]],"date-time":"2016-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Littoral cell angioma (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) is a rare primary splenic tumour that is frequently associated with internal malignancies. Immunohistochemistry can demonstrate a distinct hybrid endothelial\u2013histiocytic phenotype of littoral cells, and is a helpful adjunct for making the correct diagnosis. The aims of this study were to present a series of 25\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s, with an emphasis on the frequent association of the neoplasm with visceral malignancies, and to provide a detailed immunohistochemical analysis by employing new markers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All 25 cases with available tissue blocks were immunohistochemically stained for endothelial and histiocytic markers. Clinical and follow\u2010up data were retrieved from the respective institutions. The tumours were obtained from 16 males and nine females, whose age ranged from 32 to 86 years (mean 56.2 years). Clinical information was available for 24 of 25 patients, and follow\u2010up for 11 of 25 patients (range 2\u201319 years; mean 11.6 years). Immunohistochemically, all cases were positive for\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LYVE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u20101, factor\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VIII<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FLI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u20101, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      )\u20102,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u20103, claudin\u20105,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ERG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LMO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      2,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      31,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      163, lysozyme, and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      4, but negative for D2\u201040,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      8, and factor\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">XIII<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      a. Fifteen of 25 cases were associated with various malignancies, including epithelial, mesenchymal and haematological tumours.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The cohort of 25 patients is the largest series of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s published to date. By using antibodies against recently introduced endothelial markers, we have expanded the immunoprofile of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . We have further highlighted the clinical significance of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , as more than half of the patients in this study also harboured a coexisting visceral malignancy. Therefore, we conclude that the finding of splenic\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      mandates a thorough clinical evaluation for a concomitant malignancy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,4]],"date-time":"2016-07-04T06:02:51Z","timestamp":1467612171000},"page":"762-774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Littoral cell angioma of the spleen: a study of 25 cases with confirmation of frequent association with visceral malignancies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Kvetoslava","family":"Peckova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Charles University Medical Faculty and Charles University Hospital Plzen Pilsen Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Michal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Charles University Medical Faculty and Charles University Hospital Plzen Pilsen Czech Republic"},{"name":"Biomedical Centre Faculty of Medicine in Plzen and Charles University Hospital Plzen Pilsen Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ladislav","family":"Hadravsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Charles University Medical Faculty and Charles University Hospital Plzen Pilsen Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saul","family":"Suster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and MCW Cancer Center Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Damjanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Kansas School of Medicine Kansas City KS USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marketa","family":"Miesbauerova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Charles University Medical Faculty and Charles University Hospital Plzen Pilsen Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitry V","family":"Kazakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Charles University Medical Faculty and Charles University Hospital Plzen Pilsen Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zdenka","family":"Vernerova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Charles University Third Medical Faculty and Charles University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Michal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Charles University Medical Faculty and Charles University Hospital Plzen Pilsen Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199111000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199707000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.06.1157"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1177\/030089169808400516","article-title":"Littoral cell angioma of the spleen: an additional report of four cases with emphasis on the association with visceral organ cancers","volume":"84","author":"Bisceglia M","year":"1998","journal-title":"Tumori"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/adpa.2003.50009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.05.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-16811"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00292-010-1281-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cursur.2006.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0339(200001)22:1<39::AID-DC11>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.2002.14313.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2302030196"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"282","article-title":"Littoral cell angioma of the spleen in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"104","author":"Lin CH","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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