{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T01:04:01Z","timestamp":1789779841001,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2016R1D1A1A09919042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2016R1D1A1A09919042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Histopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pembrolizumab has shown promising results for patients with programmed cell death ligand\u20101 (PD\u2010L1)\u2010positive advanced biliary tract cancer in an ongoing clinical trial. However, data on PD\u2010L1 expression in bile duct cancers is limited, and the frequency of PD\u2010L1 positivity varies, which may be partly due to the assay used. The aim of this study was to evaluate PD\u2010L1 expression status in bile duct cancers by using 22C3, SP263 and E1L3N antibodies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated PD\u2010L1 expression in tissue microarrays of 183 extrahepatic bile duct cancers, including 89 perihilar and 94 distal bile duct cancers, by using 22C3, SP263 and E1L3N. When the 22C3 assay was used, tumoral PD\u2010L1 was shown to be expressed in 16.9% of cases at a 1% threshold. When the SP263 and E1L3N assays were used, tumoral PD\u2010L1 was shown to be expressed in 26% and 7.1% of cases, respectively. When whole tissue sections were examined, 59.6% of PD\u2010L1\u2010positive cases showed a low percentage (&lt;10%) of positive tumour cells. Tumoral PD\u2010L1 positivity was associated with poor histological differentiation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.017) and the biliary epithelial phenotype (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.041). High tumoral PD\u2010L1 expression (\u226510%) was associated with worse overall survival (OS) and disease\u2010free survival (DFS) (OS, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.012; DFS, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.042).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>PD\u2010L1 was expressed in a small subset of patients with bile duct cancer, and the percentage of positive tumour cells was low in PD\u2010L1\u2010positive cases. The SP263 assay showed the highest PD\u2010L1 positivity in both tumour cells and immune cells, followed by the 22C3 and E1L3N assays. High PD\u2010L1 expression was associated with a poor prognosis in extrahepatic bile duct cancer patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,13]],"date-time":"2019-05-13T13:44:41Z","timestamp":1557755081000},"page":"526-536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Programmed cell death ligand\u20101 (PD\u2010L1) expression in extrahepatic biliary tract cancers: a comparative study using 22C3, SP263 and E1L3N anti\u2010PD\u2010L1 antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1979-4010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soomin","family":"Ahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam Gyeonggi Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangkyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam Gyeonggi Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji\u2010Won","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam Gyeonggi Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong\u2010Chan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam Gyeonggi Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin\u2010Hyeok","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam Gyeonggi Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoo\u2010Seok","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam Gyeonggi Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jai Young","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam Gyeonggi Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho\u2010Seong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam Gyeonggi Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YoungRok","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam Gyeonggi Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4205-9081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haeryoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61903-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000150166.94732.88"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"ii93\u2013ii96","article-title":"The role of chemotherapy in cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"16","author":"Thongprasert S","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. 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